Incarcerated prolapsed ureterocele masquerading as a vulvar mass after midurethral sling surgery: a case report with systematic review - Report - MDSpire

Incarcerated prolapsed ureterocele masquerading as a vulvar mass after midurethral sling surgery: a case report with systematic review

  • By

  • Hongyun Zhang

  • Jiang Zhu

  • Zihan Zhou

  • Xia Tao

  • Liqun Sun

  • Hong Zhan

  • June 9, 2026

  • 0 min

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Prolapsed Incarcerated Ureterocele Presenting as a Vulvar Mass

Overview

This report discusses a rare case of incarcerated prolapsed ureterocele following midurethral sling surgery, which was misdiagnosed as a vulvar mass. A systematic review of 16 cases highlights the importance of imaging in diagnosis and the favorable outcomes associated with surgical treatment.

Background

Incarcerated prolapsed ureterocele (IPU) is an uncommon condition that can occur after midurethral sling (MUS) surgery, often leading to misdiagnosis due to its atypical presentation. Accurate diagnosis is crucial as it can significantly impact patient management and outcomes. Understanding this condition is essential for healthcare professionals involved in the surgical management of stress urinary incontinence.

Data Highlights

In a systematic review of 16 cases, imaging was essential for diagnosis, and surgical treatment generally resulted in favorable outcomes.

Key Findings

  • IPU is a rare condition that may present as a vulvar mass after MUS surgery.
  • Multimodal ultrasonography can reveal a characteristic 'dumbbell sign' indicating the relationship between the ureterocele and the sling.
  • In the reviewed cases, imaging was critical for accurate diagnosis.
  • Surgical management of IPU is generally associated with favorable outcomes.
  • Prolapsed ureterocele should be considered in differential diagnoses for women presenting with interlabial or vulvar masses, especially with urinary symptoms.

Clinical Implications

Healthcare professionals should consider IPU in patients presenting with vulvar masses post-MUS surgery. Utilizing multimodal ultrasonography can aid in accurate diagnosis and inform surgical management strategies.

Conclusion

Incarcerated prolapsed ureterocele is a rare but significant condition that necessitates careful diagnostic evaluation and appropriate surgical intervention.

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  5. Ureterocele in Adults: A Case Study and Review of Clinical Presentations and Management Options - Journal of Urological Surgery
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