Therapeutic scarification, shadow pain, and integrative geriatric rehabilitation for chronic musculoskeletal pain in older adults in Cameroon: a prospective mixed-methods observational study - Takeaways - MDSpire

Therapeutic scarification, shadow pain, and integrative geriatric rehabilitation for chronic musculoskeletal pain in older adults in Cameroon: a prospective mixed-methods observational study

  • By

  • Ibrahim Npochinto Moumeni

  • Abdel-Nasser Njikam Moumeni

  • Jean-Marie Alima

  • France Mourey

  • Faustin Atemkeng Tsatedem

  • June 8, 2026

  • 0 min

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  • 1

    Therapeutic scarification is a prevalent traditional pain management practice among older adults in Cameroon, with significant geriatric complications.

  • 2

    The study identified four scarification modalities and found knee osteoarthritis to be the most common condition among participants.

  • 3

    Complications from scarification included infections, keloids, and proprioceptive impairment, increasing fall risk by 29%.

  • 4

    An integrative physiotherapy approach reduced scarification use by 73.5% and significantly improved patient satisfaction and functionality.

  • 5

    The findings highlight the need for context-sensitive geriatric care strategies and further research through randomized controlled trials.

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