Application of large language models in medical diagnosis: A bibliometric review - Report - MDSpire

Application of large language models in medical diagnosis: A bibliometric review

  • By

  • Quan Zhang

  • Haokun Wang

  • Hongjuan Li

  • Fengbo Jiao

  • Hongchen Zhou

  • Meiyu Li

  • June 17, 2026

  • 0 min

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Clinical Report: Utilization of Large Language Models for Medical Diagnosis

Overview

This report examines the growing integration of large language models (LLMs) in medical diagnosis, highlighting their potential as decision-support tools. Recent studies indicate that LLMs can assist clinicians by generating diagnostic suggestions and synthesizing clinical knowledge, although their clinical utility requires further empirical validation.

Background

The application of artificial intelligence, particularly LLMs, in medicine has garnered significant interest due to their advanced capabilities in natural language understanding and contextual reasoning. These models can process diverse medical data, potentially enhancing clinical decision-making and diagnostic accuracy. However, the integration of LLMs into clinical practice raises questions about their effectiveness and the necessity of human oversight in diagnostic processes.

Data Highlights

No specific numerical data or trial results were provided in the source material.

Key Findings

Specify the context of studies referenced, including sample sizes and methodologies.

Clinical Implications

Healthcare professionals should consider the integration of LLMs as supplementary tools in diagnostic processes, while ensuring that final clinical judgments remain under human oversight. Ongoing research and empirical validation are essential to establish the reliability and effectiveness of LLMs in clinical settings.

Conclusion

The utilization of LLMs in medical diagnosis presents promising opportunities for enhancing clinical decision-making. However, further investigation is necessary to fully understand their capabilities and limitations within the healthcare landscape.

Related Resources & Content

  1. Singhal K et al., Nature, 2023 -- Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge
  2. npj Digital Medicine, 2025 -- The evaluation illusion of large language models in medicine
  3. npj Digital Medicine, 2026 -- Collaboration Between Humans and Large Language Models in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  4. npj Digital Medicine, 2026 -- Enhanced Transferability of Predictions from Electronic Health Records Across Different Countries and Coding Frameworks Using Large Language Models
  5. World Health Organization, 2024 -- Ethics and governance of AI in health
  6. Ethics and governance of
  7. Human–large language model collaboration in clinical medicine: a systematic review and meta-analysis | npj Digital Medicine

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