High-throughput profiling of the T cell receptor delta CDR3 repertoire reveals species-specific patterns in cattle (Bos taurus) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) - Report - MDSpire
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High-throughput profiling of the T cell receptor delta CDR3 repertoire reveals species-specific patterns in cattle (Bos taurus) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
Clinical Report: T Cell Receptor Delta CDR3 Diversity in Cattle and Buffalo
Overview
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the T cell receptor delta CDR3 diversity in cattle and water buffalo, revealing significant differences in clonal evenness and gene usage. The findings enhance our understanding of species-specific immune functions and the evolutionary constraints shaping TCR diversity.
Background
Understanding the diversity of γδ T cell receptors is crucial for elucidating immune functions in ruminants, particularly in cattle and water buffalo, which exhibit unique immune characteristics. The complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) of the T cell receptor delta chain (TRD) plays a pivotal role in antigen recognition, making its analysis essential for advancing immunological research and improving disease management strategies in these species.
Data Highlights
The study involved high-throughput sequencing of TRD CDR3 repertoires from 7 cattle and 5 water buffalo, revealing key differences in diversity and gene usage.
Key Findings
Cattle exhibited higher clonal evenness and overall diversity in their TRD CDR3 repertoire compared to water buffalo.
Both species were dominated by medium- to high-frequency clonotypes, but buffalo relied more on a few highly expanded clonotypes.
Species-specific preferences were noted in TRDV gene usage, with high intra-group consistency but low inter-species correlation.
TRDJ gene usage was highly conserved between cattle and buffalo.
CDR3 length distributions showed similar bell-shaped patterns in both species, indicating evolutionary constraints.
Shared clonotype analysis revealed limited public CDR3 amino acid sequences between the two species.
Clinical Implications
The findings underscore the importance of understanding TCR diversity in cattle and buffalo for developing effective vaccination and immunodiagnostic strategies. This knowledge can inform approaches to managing zoonotic diseases and enhancing immune responses in these livestock species.
Conclusion
This study highlights the distinct patterns of TCR delta CDR3 diversity in cattle and water buffalo, providing valuable insights into their immune mechanisms. Such comparative analyses are essential for advancing veterinary immunology and improving disease control measures.
