Residency Competency Assessments and Early-Career Primary Care Physicians’ Antibiotic Prescribing - Report - MDSpire
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Evaluating Residency Competency and Its Impact on Antibiotic Prescribing Practices Among Early-Career Primary Care Physicians

  • By

  • Jesse Burk-Rafel

  • Hannah Park

  • MacIntosh Cornwell

  • Eric S. Holmboe

  • Kenji Yamazaki

  • Sally A. Santen

  • Yoon Soo Park

  • John S. Andrews

  • Sean O. Hogan

  • Judee Richardson

  • September 17, 2026

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Clinical Report: Evaluating Residency Competency and Its Impact on Antibiotic Prescribing

Overview

This study investigates the relationship between residency competency ratings and early-career antibiotic prescribing practices among primary care physicians.

Background

Antibiotic prescribing practices vary significantly among physicians, particularly impacting older adults who are at higher risk for complications. This study focuses on the role of residency training as a modifiable factor that may influence prescribing behaviors in early-career physicians.

Data Highlights

No numerical data or trial data provided in the source material.

Key Findings

  • Physicians exhibit considerable variation in outpatient antibiotic prescribing patterns.
  • Approximately 15% of antibiotics prescribed to older adults are deemed unnecessary.
  • Residency training may imprint enduring practice patterns, particularly in the first decade of practice.
  • ACGME Milestone competency ratings were linked to antibiotic prescribing rates in early practice.
  • Identifying high-prescribing physicians is essential for targeted antibiotic stewardship efforts.

Clinical Implications

Understanding the relationship between residency training characteristics and antibiotic prescribing practices among early-career physicians is important for antibiotic stewardship.

Conclusion

Residency competency assessments may play a role in shaping antibiotic prescribing behaviors in primary care.

Related Resources & Content

  1. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2023 -- Exploring Antibiotic Prescribing Decisions Among Internal Medicine Residents: A Qualitative Study
  2. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2023 -- Antibiotic Prescribing Preferences Among Physicians for Community-Acquired Pneumonia and Complicated Urinary Tract Infections: Insights from a National Discrete Choice Study
  3. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2023 -- Impact of Physician Training on Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in Teleconsultation for Acute Pharyngitis: A Quasi-Experimental Analysis
  4. Infection, 2022 -- Assessing Knowledge and Practices Regarding Antibiotic Stewardship in Pediatric Tertiary Care Facilities to Identify Educational Opportunities
  5. Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship | Antibiotic Prescribing and Use | CDC, 2025
  6. BMJ, 2024 -- Mailed feedback to primary care physicians on antibiotic prescribing for patients aged 65 years and older: pragmatic, factorial randomised controlled trial
  7. Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship | Antibiotic Prescribing and Use | CDC
  8. Mailed feedback to primary care physicians on antibiotic prescribing for patients aged 65 years and older: pragmatic, factorial randomised controlled trial

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