Data annotation and its evaluation in artificial intelligence-based anatomy recognition for ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia: a clinical perspective - Report - MDSpire

Data annotation and its evaluation in artificial intelligence-based anatomy recognition for ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia: a clinical perspective

  • By

  • Bernard V. Delvaux

  • Yoann Elmaleh

  • Alwin Chuan

  • Alex T. Sia

  • Rajnish K. Gupta

  • Kristopher M. Schroeder

  • Karim Guessous

  • James S. Bowness

  • May 29, 2026

  • 0 min

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Clinical Report: Assessment of Data Annotation in AI-Driven Anatomical Recognition

Overview

This report discusses the challenges and considerations in data annotation for AI-driven anatomical recognition in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (UGRA).

Background

AI-assisted anatomy recognition in UGRA is one of the most implemented applications of AI in anesthesia, yet significant research gaps remain. The integration of AI into clinical practice necessitates a focus on data quality and annotation strategies.

Data Highlights

No numerical data or trial results were provided in the source material.

Key Findings

  • AI development should align with clinical needs to enhance usability in UGRA.
  • Data quality is essential for robust model development, requiring images from expert operators and standardized protocols.
  • Segmentation strategies, including semantic segmentation and object detection, are critical for accurate anatomical annotation.
  • Uncertainty management in annotation can influence model precision and recall, impacting procedural safety.
  • Automated methods for annotation may improve efficiency but require careful consideration of accuracy.

Clinical Implications

Clinicians should be aware of the variability in AI outputs due to differences in data quality and annotation strategies.

Conclusion

Improving the standardization of data annotation in AI-driven anatomical recognition is essential.

Related Resources & Content

  1. GRAITE‐USRA, Anaesthesia, 2025 -- Guidance for reporting artificial intelligence technology evaluations for ultrasound scanning in regional anaesthesia
  2. WFUMB Commentary Paper on Artificial intelligence in Medical Ultrasound Imaging, PubMed, 2025
  3. Frontiers in Medicine, 2026 -- Semi-Supervised Medical Image Captioning via Anatomical Collaborative Evidence Network
  4. Variations in Annotating Radiologists Impact Performance of Training Data in Computerized Lesion Detection, Springer, 2024
  5. Techniques in Coloproctology, 2025 -- Automated Differentiation of Benign Anal and Sphincter Lesions Using Artificial Intelligence and Endoanal Ultrasound Techniques
  6. Surgical Endoscopy — Systematic Review of Computer-Assisted Anatomical Identification in Intrathoracic and Abdominal Surgical Procedures
  7. Artificial intelligence in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia: bridging the gap between potential and practice: a narrative review
  8. Guidance for reporting artificial intelligence technology evaluations for ultrasound scanning in regional anaesthesia (GRAITE‐USRA): an international multidisciplinary consensus reporting framework
  9. WFUMB Commentary Paper on Artificial intelligence in Medical Ultrasound Imaging - PubMed

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