Telemedicine use among physicians in the German outpatient sector: A secondary analysis of a cardiologist-dominated web-based survey with Bayesian model averaging and exploratory machine learning - Report - MDSpire

Telemedicine use among physicians in the German outpatient sector: A secondary analysis of a cardiologist-dominated web-based survey with Bayesian model averaging and exploratory machine learning

  • By

  • Pascal Petit

  • Nicolas Vuillerme

  • Jan Gehrmann

  • Johannes Stephan

  • Felix Mühlensiepen

  • Jonathan Nübel

  • Eimo Martens

  • Franziska Hahn

  • July 16, 2026

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Utilization of Telemedicine by Physicians in Germany's Outpatient Sector

Background

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Germany, necessitating effective outpatient management. Telemedicine has emerged as a potential solution to enhance care continuity and quality, particularly in cardiology. However, its adoption faces challenges related to infrastructure, reimbursement, and professional acceptance.

Data Highlights

No numerical data or trial data were provided in the source material.

Key Findings

  • Telemedicine offers solutions such as remote monitoring and telecardiology consultations.
  • Implementation of TM in Germany is uneven due to barriers like technical infrastructure and reimbursement structures.
  • The German Federal Joint Committee (G-BA) has established a legal framework for integrating TM into outpatient care.
  • A previous survey identified four distinct user clusters among healthcare professionals regarding TM acceptance.
  • Bayesian model averaging and machine learning techniques are used to analyze factors influencing TM adoption.

Clinical Implications

Understanding the barriers to TM adoption can help inform strategies to enhance its integration into routine outpatient care. Addressing these challenges is crucial for improving the management of cardiovascular diseases in the outpatient setting.

Conclusion

The study underscores the importance of addressing structural and organizational factors to facilitate the effective use of telemedicine in outpatient cardiology.

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  2. Optometric Management, 2000 -- Practice Pulse: Doctors Use of the Internet
  3. Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR), 2026 -- How Online Scheduling Platforms Affect Insurance-Based Disparities in Access to Specialist Outpatient Care in Berlin, Germany: Cross-Sectional Audit Study
  4. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2022 -- Downstream Healthcare Use Associated with Primary Care In-Person and Telemedicine Visits in 2022
  5. State of the Art of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Electrophysiology in 2025: A Scientific Statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC, the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), and the ESC Working Group on E-Cardiology
  6. Telemonitoring modalities in heart failure: comparative effectiveness across the heart failure population—a meta-analysis | npj Digital Medicine, 2026
  7. State of the Art of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Electrophysiology in 2025: A Scientific Statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC, the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), and the ESC Working Group on E-Cardiology
  8. Telemonitoring modalities in heart failure: comparative effectiveness across the heart failure population—a meta-analysis | npj Digital Medicine
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