Clinical Report: Impact of Physical Activity Programs on Executive Function in ASD
Overview
This meta-analysis evaluates the effects of exercise interventions on executive function in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results indicate a significant improvement in executive function (g = -0.34, p < 0.0001) based on the analysis of included studies.
Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that significantly impacts social interaction and communication. Executive function (EF) deficits are core challenges in ASD, affecting daily life and overall development. Exercise interventions have been studied for their potential to enhance EF in this population.
Data Highlights
Measure
Effect Size (g)
p-value
Overall EF Improvement
-0.34
<0.0001
Intervention Duration ≥10 weeks
Greatest Benefits
N/A
Key Findings
Seventeen studies with 626 participants were included in the analysis.
Exercise interventions resulted in a significant improvement in executive function (g = -0.34, p < 0.0001).
Low heterogeneity was observed among studies (Q = 50.42, p = 0.268).
Only intervention duration significantly moderated the effects, with programs lasting ≥10 weeks showing the largest benefits.
Further large-scale studies are needed to clarify dose–response relationships.
Clinical Implications
The findings suggest that exercise interventions may improve executive function in children and adolescents with ASD, particularly with longer intervention durations.
Conclusion
Exercise interventions have been shown to improve executive function in children and adolescents with ASD, particularly when sustained for 10 weeks or more. Further research is necessary to clarify dose–response relationships.
