Identifying dyslexia-consistent reading profiles in mild intellectual disability: cluster-derived severity gradients and severity-calibrated classification rules - Report - MDSpire

Identifying dyslexia-consistent reading profiles in mild intellectual disability: cluster-derived severity gradients and severity-calibrated classification rules

  • By

  • Bartosz M. Radtke

  • Paweł Jurek

  • Michał Olech

  • Ariadna Łada-Maśko

  • Urszula Sajewicz-Radtke

  • May 29, 2026

  • 0 min

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Clinical Report: Characterizing Reading Profiles Associated with Dyslexia in MID

Overview

This study identifies reading profiles in individuals with mild intellectual disability (MID) and explores the impact of severity thresholds on dyslexia classification.

Background

This study aims to clarify issues related to dyslexia in the context of mild intellectual disability by applying ICD-11 guidelines to assess reading profiles in students with MID.

Data Highlights

MeasurePercentage Classified
Broad Criteria88%
Extreme-Severity Anchor37%

Key Findings

  • A two-cluster solution was identified reflecting a severity gradient across reading markers.
  • Broad criteria led to over-identification, classifying 88% of the sample.
  • Introducing an extreme-severity anchor reduced prevalence to 37%.
  • Phonological and rapid automatized naming (RAN) indicators provided limited additional classification value.
  • Decoding and reading fluency were identified as key indicators for subgroup identification.

Clinical Implications

Consideration of severity operationalization is important when diagnosing dyslexia in individuals with MID.

Conclusion

The study emphasizes the importance of severity thresholds in identifying dyslexia profiles within mild intellectual disability.

Related Resources & Content

  1. BMC Psychiatry, 2025 -- Characterizing Symptoms of SpLD, ADHD, and ASD in Chinese Children
  2. Brain, 2025 -- Impairment of the Magnocellular Region in the Visual Thalamus Associated with Developmental Dyslexia
  3. Brain, 2025 -- Neuroanatomical and Behavioral Links to Auditory Processing in Developmental Dyslexia
  4. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2026 -- Microstructural abnormalities in the ATR and VOF underlie tone awareness deficits in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia
  5. ICD-11 MMS -- 6A03.0 Developmental learning disorder with impairment in reading
  6. International Dyslexia Association -- Definition of Dyslexia
  7. Cognitive and Language Abilities Associated With Reading in Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 2025
  8. 6A03.0 Developmental learning disorder with impairment in reading - ICD-11 MMS
  9. Definition of Dyslexia - International Dyslexia Association
  10. Cognitive and Language Abilities Associated With Reading in Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - Karin Nilsson, Åsa Elwér, David Messer, Henrik Danielsson, 2025

Original Source(s)

Identifying dyslexia-consistent reading profiles in mild intellectual disability: cluster-derived severity gradients and severity-calibrated classification rules

  • by Bartosz M. Radtke, Paweł Jurek, Michał Olech, Ariadna Łada-Maśko, Urszula Sajewicz-Radtke

  • May 29, 2026

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