Clinical Report: Legacy of Professor LU Daopei in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Overview

Professor LU Daopei, a pioneering figure in Chinese hematology, performed Asia's first hematopoietic cell transplant in 1964 and led groundbreaking advances including the first HLA-haplotype-mismatched transplant in China. His innovations and leadership established world-class transplant outcomes and foundational registries that continue to impact hematology practice.

Background

Born in 1931, Professor LU Daopei dedicated his career to hematology and transplantation at Peking University People’s Hospital and other institutions. He was instrumental in advancing hematopoietic cell transplantation in China during a time of limited resources and unique challenges such as the one-child policy. Beyond transplantation, he pioneered treatments for acute promyelocytic leukemia and founded multiple national registries and cooperative groups. His contributions earned him numerous prestigious awards and international recognition.

Data Highlights

Key milestones include the first hematopoietic cell transplant in Asia (1964), the first HLA-haplotype-mismatched transplant in China (1991), and establishment of the China Bone Marrow Transplant Registry, China Marrow Donor Program, and the first Chinese Cord Blood Bank Registry. The recipient of the first transplant remains alive and well 60 years later.

Key Findings

• Performed Asia’s first hematopoietic cell transplant in 1964 between genetically identical twins with long-term survival.
• Led the first HLA-haplotype-mismatched transplant in China in 1991, critical due to limited sibling donors under the one-child policy.
• Founded key national registries and cooperative groups to advance transplant coordination and research in China.
• Pioneered the use of oral arsenic sulfide in acute promyelocytic leukemia treatment, reviving a traditional therapy with modern application.
• Authored China’s first comprehensive leukemia therapy textbook in 1992, shaping education and clinical practice.
• Mentored generations of hematologists and researchers, fostering ongoing innovation and excellence in Chinese hematology.

Clinical Implications

Professor LU’s work established the foundation for modern hematopoietic cell transplantation in China, demonstrating feasibility and success even with HLA-mismatched donors. His development of national registries facilitates donor matching and transplant coordination, improving patient access and outcomes. The revival of oral arsenic therapy offers an effective treatment option for acute promyelocytic leukemia, highlighting the value of integrating traditional and modern medicine.

Conclusion

Professor LU Daopei’s pioneering contributions transformed hematopoietic cell transplantation and leukemia treatment in China, leaving a lasting legacy of innovation, mentorship, and improved patient care. His impact continues through the institutions and clinicians he inspired.

References

1. In Memoriam: Professor LU Daopei, Renowned Chinese Pioneer in Transplantation, 2025