36 genes may reshape OCD, tic genetics

Whole-exome sequencing identifies large-effect risk genes across obsessive-compulsive and chronic tic disorders, with most supported by both conditions.

By
Andrea Surnit
September 2, 2026
3 min

MDSpire News

Overview

This study identifies 36 high-confidence risk genes associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and chronic tic disorders (CTDs). The findings indicate a significant genetic overlap between these disorders.

Background

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and chronic tic disorders (CTDs) are neuropsychiatric conditions that significantly impact patients' quality of life. Understanding the genetic factors contributing to these disorders is important.

Data Highlights

The study analyzed whole-exome sequencing data from 3,964 patients and identified 36 high-confidence genes associated with OCD and CTDs.

Key Findings

Identified 12 high-confidence risk genes for OCD and 10 for CTDs.
Combined analysis revealed 34 high-confidence genes for both disorders.
Approximately 7% to 8% of patients with OCD and/or CTDs carried at least one risk-contributing de novo damaging variant.
83% of the identified genes showed evidence from patients with both OCD and CTDs.
High-confidence genes exhibited increased postnatal expression in the cerebellum.
Four genes overlapped with common-variant OCD loci and established risk genes for other neurodevelopmental disorders.