Hyperacute Interleukin-1β Production and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in the Cerebral Circulation of Stroke Patients with Large Vessel Occlusion - Report - MDSpire
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Rapid Release of Interleukin-1β and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in the Cerebral Circulation of Patients with Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke

  • By

  • Justine Münsterberg

  • Caspar Brekenfeld

  • Hanna Englert

  • Marius Piepke

  • Regine J. Dress

  • Martin Oertel

  • Tina Fischer

  • Romy Hackbusch

  • Mingming Zha

  • Haodi Cai

  • Christian Casar

  • Ines S. Schädlich

  • Leo Winter

  • Alina Jander

  • Karoline Degenhardt

  • Maxim Bester

  • Fabian Flottmann

  • Uta Hanning

  • Brigitte Holst

  • Anna Worthman

  • Johanna Hiefner

  • Berenike Rutz

  • Eckhard Schlemm

  • Götz Thomalla

  • Bettina H. Clausen

  • Ann M. Stowe

  • Immo Prinz

  • Thiruma V. Arumugam

  • Markus Glatzel

  • Thomas Renné

  • Jens Fiehler

  • Eva Tolosa

  • Tim Magnus

  • Mathias Gelderblom

  • June 22, 2026

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Clinical Report: Rapid Release of Interleukin-1β and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in the Cerebral Circulation of Patients with Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke

Overview

This study investigates the hyperacute immune response in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke, revealing significant local production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation.

Background

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability globally, with large vessel occlusions contributing significantly to severe outcomes. Despite advancements in reperfusion therapies like mechanical thrombectomy, a substantial proportion of patients still experience large infarct cores and long-term disability. Understanding the inflammatory processes during the acute phase of stroke is important.

Data Highlights

ParameterFindings
Patient Enrollment54 patients with LVO
Sample CollectionIschemic and nonischemic blood samples
Key Immune ResponseLocal IL-1β production and NET formation

Key Findings

  • Local production of IL-1β is a hallmark of the hyperacute immune response in LVO stroke.
  • Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to thromboinflammation in the ischemic brain.
  • Intravascular immune cells play a significant role in the postischemic immune response shortly after stroke onset.

Clinical Implications

The findings highlight the importance of targeting the IL-1β pathway and neutrophil activity in the acute phase of ischemic stroke.

Conclusion

This study highlights the critical role of hyperacute immune responses in LVO stroke.

Related Resources & Content

  1. Acta Neuropathologica, 2018 -- Inflammation Following Stroke: A Potential Therapeutic Target or a Beneficial Mechanism?
  2. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2026 -- CXCL12 levels correlate with reduced stroke severity and lower risk of hemorrhagic transformation in stroke patients
  3. Acta Neuropathologica, 2012 -- The Role of the Neurovascular Unit in Regulating Polymorphonuclear Granulocyte Infiltration into the Brain Following Ischemic Injury
  4. 2026 Guideline for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke - Professional Heart Daily | American Heart Association
  5. Endovascular thrombectomy for patients with large-core ischaemic stroke presenting up to 24 h after onset (ATLAS): a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis with central imaging adjudication - PubMed
  6. Neutrophil extracellular traps in ischemic stroke: mechanisms, clinical implications, and therapeutic potential - PubMed
  7. Brain — CXCR3-mediated natural killer cell infiltration exacerbates white matter injury after intracerebral haemorrhage
  8. 2026 Guideline for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke - Professional Heart Daily | American Heart Association
  9. Endovascular thrombectomy for patients with large-core ischaemic stroke presenting up to 24 h after onset (ATLAS): a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis with central imaging adjudication - PubMed
  10. Neutrophil extracellular traps in ischemic stroke: mechanisms, clinical implications, and therapeutic potential - PubMed

Original Source(s)

Hyperacute Interleukin-1β Production and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in the Cerebral Circulation of Stroke Patients with Large Vessel Occlusion

  • by Justine Münsterberg, Caspar Brekenfeld, Hanna Englert, Marius Piepke, Regine J. Dress, Martin Oertel, Tina Fischer, Romy Hackbusch, Mingming Zha, Haodi Cai, Christian Casar, Ines S. Schädlich, Leo Winter, Alina Jander, Karoline Degenhardt, Maxim Bester, Fabian Flottmann, Uta Hanning, Brigitte Holst, Anna Worthman, Johanna Hiefner, Berenike Rutz, Eckhard Schlemm, Götz Thomalla, Bettina H. Clausen, Ann M. Stowe, Immo Prinz, Thiruma V. Arumugam, Markus Glatzel, Thomas Renné, Jens Fiehler, Eva Tolosa, Tim Magnus, Mathias Gelderblom

  • June 22, 2026

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