Long-Term Antidepressant Use and Dementia Risk: A Propensity Score-Matched Study of Swiss Older Adults, with an Anticholinergic-Specific Analysis - Report - MDSpire

Long-Term Antidepressant Use and Dementia Risk: A Propensity Score-Matched Study of Swiss Older Adults, with an Anticholinergic-Specific Analysis

  • By

  • Melanie A. Amrein

  • Michael P. Hengartner

  • Markus Näpflin

  • Renato Farcher

  • Carola A. Huber

  • June 10, 2026

  • 0 min

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Association Between Prolonged Antidepressant Use and Dementia Incidence

Overview

This study found that long-term antidepressant use in individuals aged 65 and older is associated with higher odds of developing dementia compared to non-users.

Background

Antidepressants are commonly prescribed for various psychiatric disorders, particularly in older adults. However, concerns about their safety and efficacy in this population persist, especially regarding the potential link between antidepressant use and increased dementia risk.

Data Highlights

This study analyzed data from 19,155 individuals aged 65 years and above who used antidepressants for more than 2 years.

Key Findings

  • Long-term antidepressant use was linked to higher odds of developing dementia.
  • The study utilized a propensity score matched analysis to control for confounding variables.
  • Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) were highlighted for their strong anticholinergic properties.
  • Previous studies have shown inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between antidepressants and dementia risk.
  • Polypharmacy in older adults may exacerbate the risk of adverse drug interactions.

Clinical Implications

Clinicians should weigh the potential cognitive risks associated with prolonged antidepressant use in older adults. Special attention should be given to the use of TCAs due to their anticholinergic effects.

Conclusion

The findings highlight the association between antidepressant prescriptions and dementia risk in older populations.

Related Resources & Content

  1. Drugs - Real World Outcomes, 2021 -- Association of Anticholinergic Medication Use at Hospital Admission with Mortality Rates in Elderly Patients
  2. Drugs - Real World Outcomes, 2024 -- Factors Influencing Psychotropic Medication Usage in Acutely Admitted Elderly Patients
  3. American College of Physicians, ACP Online, 2026 -- American College of Physicians Recommends Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or Second-Generation Antidepressants for Adults With Major Depressive Disorder
  4. Molecular Psychiatry, 2025 -- Systemic medications and dementia risk: a systematic umbrella review
  5. Drugs - Real World Outcomes — Long-Term Continuation of Antipsychotic Therapy in Older Adults with Dementia: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis from a Population Perspective
  6. Drugs - Real World Outcomes — Examining Inappropriate Use of Bladder Antimuscarinics in Dementia Patients: Findings from a Retrospective Cohort Analysis
  7. American College of Physicians Recommends Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or Second-Generation Antidepressants for Adults With Major Depressive Disorder | ACP Online
  8. Systemic medications and dementia risk: a systematic umbrella review | Molecular Psychiatry
  9. Antidepressant use and cognitive decline in patients with dementia: a national cohort study

Original Source(s)

Long-Term Antidepressant Use and Dementia Risk: A Propensity Score-Matched Study of Swiss Older Adults, with an Anticholinergic-Specific Analysis

  • by Melanie A. Amrein, Michael P. Hengartner, Markus Näpflin, Renato Farcher, Carola A. Huber

  • June 10, 2026

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