Transfer RNA expression, modification, and derived small RNAs in cancer biology and clinical potential - Report - MDSpire

Transfer RNA expression, modification, and derived small RNAs in cancer biology and clinical potential

  • By

  • Ming Luo

  • Ji’an Liu

  • Yang Su

  • Rao Fu

  • Xufeng Huang

  • Qi Wang

  • Jing Li

  • Zhengrui Li

  • Li Liu

  • July 3, 2026

  • 0 min

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Clinical Report: The Role of Transfer RNA Expression and Modifications in Cancer

Background

tRNA is essential for protein synthesis and is subject to various chemical modifications that affect its stability and function. Dysregulation of tRNA and its modifications has been linked to cancer development.

Data Highlights

No numerical data provided in the source material.

Key Findings

  • Dysregulated tRNA levels in cancer cells can lead to aberrant protein synthesis.
  • Specific tRNA modifications can affect the translation efficiency of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
  • tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are implicated in regulating apoptosis, proliferation, and metastasis in cancer.
  • Altered expression of tRNA-modifying enzymes may serve as potential therapeutic targets.

Clinical Implications

The findings suggest that tRNA and its modifications could serve as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Conclusion

The exploration of tRNA and its modifications is crucial for understanding cancer biology.

Related Resources & Content

  1. Frontiers in Oncology, 2026 -- Synthetic short RNA in cancer
  2. Frontiers in Medicine, 2026 -- MicroRNAs in cancer: biogenesis, biomarkers and therapeutic strategies
  3. Frontiers in Immunology, 2026 -- Enhancing targeted strategies for cancer immunotherapy by elucidating mRNA processing mechanisms
  4. Circulating Tumor DNA Testing in Solid Tumors and Lymphoma: ASCO Guideline | JCO Oncology Practice
  5. Frontiers in Immunology — HNRNPA2B1 as an emerging coordinator of RNA fate in cancer: m6A reading, RNA export, translation reprogramming, and immune–metabolic adaptation
  6. Circulating Tumor DNA Testing in Solid Tumors and Lymphoma: ASCO Guideline | JCO Oncology Practice
  7. The tRNA Editing Complex ADAT2/3 Promotes Cancer Cell Growth and Codon-biased mRNA Translation - PubMed
  8. tRNA-Derived Fragments in Age-Related Diseases: A Systematic Review

Original Source(s)

Transfer RNA expression, modification, and derived small RNAs in cancer biology and clinical potential

  • by Ming Luo, Ji’an Liu, Yang Su, Rao Fu, Xufeng Huang, Qi Wang, Jing Li, Zhengrui Li, Li Liu

  • July 3, 2026

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