Clinical Report: Evaluating Autism Screening and Diagnosis in Pediatric Patients with Congenital Heart Defects
Overview
This study found that 14.6% of children with congenital heart defects (CHD) screened positive for autism, with an 11.7% autism diagnosis rate. Younger age and public insurance were associated with positive autism screens.
Background
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital anomaly in children, affecting 1-2% of live births in the U.S. Children with CHD are at a higher risk for neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism, compared to the general population. Early identification and intervention for autism in this vulnerable group are critical for improving developmental outcomes.
Data Highlights
Outcome
Percentage
Positive autism screens
14.6%
Autism diagnosis
11.7%
Sensitivity of M-CHAT-R/F
66%
Positive predictive value of M-CHAT-R/F
57%
Key Findings
14.6% prevalence of positive autism screens in children with CHD.
11.7% prevalence of autism diagnosis among the same cohort.
Younger age was associated with positive autism screens.
Children with autism had higher use of public insurance.
Risk Stratification for Congenital Heart Surgery-2 scores were higher in children with autism.
Clinical Implications
Routine autism screening using tools like M-CHAT-R/F is essential for children with CHD, particularly between 18-30 months of age. Clinicians should be aware of the increased likelihood of autism in this population to facilitate timely referrals for further evaluation.
Conclusion
Children with CHD are significantly more likely to have positive autism screens and diagnoses compared to the general population, highlighting the need for early screening and intervention.
