Prediction of acute postoperative protein depletion risk in colon cancer using an in-context learning foundation model: a retrospective cohort study - Report - MDSpire

Prediction of acute postoperative protein depletion risk in colon cancer using an in-context learning foundation model: a retrospective cohort study

  • By

  • Xinke Cao

  • Linrui Han

  • Xinquan Zan

  • Yinchao Zhang

  • Zhiqiang Tian

  • Wei Shen

  • July 8, 2026

  • 0 min

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Clinical Report: Forecasting the Risk of Acute Postoperative Protein Depletion

Overview

This study developed a predictive model for acute postoperative protein depletion in colon cancer patients using a tabular foundation model. The model identified key predictors such as age and prealbumin levels.

Background

Acute postoperative protein depletion is a common complication following colon cancer surgery, leading to adverse outcomes such as infections and delayed recovery. Early identification of patients at risk is crucial for timely nutritional intervention and improved postoperative management.

Data Highlights

ModelAUCBrier Score
TabICLv20.766 (95% CI: 0.699–0.832)0.158

Key Findings

  • TabICLv2 achieved the highest validation AUC among evaluated algorithms.
  • Significant total NRI and IDI improvement over Random Forest was observed.
  • Age, prealbumin, and globulin were identified as leading contributors to model predictions.
  • Prospective multicentre validation is required before routine implementation.

Clinical Implications

The predictive model may assist in identifying patients at risk for acute postoperative protein depletion.

Conclusion

The study presents a novel predictive model for acute postoperative protein depletion in colon cancer patients.

Related Resources & Content

  1. Tailored Risk Assessment for Extended Ileus Following Minimally Invasive Surgery for Colorectal Cancer: Comprehensive Analysis of Contributing Factors and Model Creation
  2. Evaluating the Role of Preoperative Hypoalbuminemia and Hypoproteinemia as Predictors of Anastomotic Leakage in Elective Colorectal Surgery within an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Framework
  3. Postoperative Protein Level Changes Induced by Peritoneal Infection Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery: An Investigative Study
  4. Guidelines for perioperative care in elective colorectal surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society recommendations 2025
  5. Frontiers in Surgery — A study on risk prediction of decline in self-care ability one month after discharge in postoperative colorectal cancer patients based on routine clinical indicators
  6. Association between preoperative hypoalbuminemia and surgical site infection in abdominal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  7. Guidelines for perioperative care in elective colorectal surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society recommendations 2025 - PubMed
  8. Effects of enteral immunonutrition in laparoscopic versus open resections in colorectal cancer surgery: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials - PubMed

Original Source(s)

Prediction of acute postoperative protein depletion risk in colon cancer using an in-context learning foundation model: a retrospective cohort study

  • by Xinke Cao, Linrui Han, Xinquan Zan, Yinchao Zhang, Zhiqiang Tian, Wei Shen

  • July 8, 2026

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