Burden of infections and preventive strategies in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma treated with bispecific antibodies - Report - MDSpire
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Infection Risks and Preventive Approaches in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Patients Undergoing Treatment with Bispecific Antibodies
Clinical Report: Infection Risks and Preventive Approaches in RRMM Patients
Overview
This study evaluates the infection risks associated with bispecific antibodies in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients. It highlights the high burden of infections, particularly with anti-BCMA agents.
Background
Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) have emerged as a novel treatment for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), offering significant therapeutic options for heavily pretreated patients. However, their use is linked to a high incidence of infections, which are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this population.
Data Highlights
Parameter
Value
Patients Included
50
Prior Vaccinations
78%
Infection-Related Mortality
34%
Severe Infections (Grade ≥3)
45.5%
Most Affected Site
Respiratory Tract (65%)
Time to First Infection (Anti-BCMA vs Anti-GPRC5D)
2.3 vs 3.8 months
Key Findings
78% of patients received prior vaccinations, with those having ≥3–4 vaccines showing lower infection-related mortality (6.7%).
121 infectious episodes were recorded, with 45.5% classified as severe (grade ≥3).
The respiratory tract was the most affected site, with viral (43%) and bacterial (45%) infections.
Anti-BCMA BsAbs were associated with a higher incidence and severity of infections compared to anti-GPRC5D therapy.
Infection-related mortality was the second leading cause of death (34%) after disease progression.
Male sex and high-risk disease were identified as factors associated with increased infection risk.
Clinical Implications
Healthcare providers should prioritize vaccination and consider prophylactic strategies, including antimicrobial prophylaxis and immunoglobulin replacement therapy, for patients receiving BsAbs. Close monitoring for infections, especially early in treatment, is essential to mitigate risks.
Conclusion
The findings underscore the significant infection risks associated with bispecific antibody therapy in RRMM patients, highlighting the need for effective preventive measures.
