Clinical Report: Evaluation of Diagnostic Efficacy of 1-Hour Post-Load Plasma Glucose

Overview

This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic performance of 1-hour post-load plasma glucose (1-h PG) compared to traditional glycemic indicators for identifying type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Background

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising globally, with significant public health implications. Accurate and early diagnosis is crucial for effective management and prevention of complications associated with diabetes.

Data Highlights

Key Findings

• 1-h PG demonstrated the highest sensitivity (0.87) among the diagnostic tests evaluated.
• FPG exhibited the highest specificity (0.96) but lower sensitivity compared to 1-h PG.
• The pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) for 1-h PG was 52.44.
• 1-h PG had the lowest negative likelihood ratio (LR−) at 0.15.
• Results were consistent across sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses.

Clinical Implications

The findings indicate that 1-h PG may be a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying T2DM, potentially allowing for earlier detection compared to traditional methods. Clinicians should consider incorporating 1-h PG into their diagnostic strategies, particularly in populations at risk for diabetes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, 1-h PG shows superior diagnostic performance for T2DM compared to traditional glycemic indicators. Further validation through high-quality studies is warranted.

Related Resources & Content

1. International Diabetes Federation, 2021 -- Diabetes Atlas
2. American Diabetes Association, 2026 -- Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes
3. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine — Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of new hypoglycemic drugs on patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
4. BMC Endocrine Disorders — Effects of digital and remote exercise interventions on HbA1c in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
5. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism — Glucose Parameters, Inflammation Markers, and Gut Microbiota Changes of Gut Microbiome–Targeted Therapies in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
6. Frontiers in Endocrinology — Comparative effectiveness of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
7. Superiority of 1 h plasma glucose vs fasting plasma glucose, 2 h plasma glucose and HbA1c for the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
8. 2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026 | Diabetes Care | American Diabetes Association