Biomarkers in Plasma and Their Association with Clinical Outcomes in Early-Onset Dementia - Report - MDSpire

Biomarkers in Plasma and Their Association with Clinical Outcomes in Early-Onset Dementia

  • By

  • Hyemin Jang

  • Sun Min Lee

  • Hee Jin Kim

  • Na-Yeon Jung

  • Henrik Zetterberg

  • Kaj Blennow

  • Liana G. Apostolova

  • So Young Moon

  • Eun-Joo Kim

  • Longitudinal Study of Early-Onset Dementia and Family Members (LEAF) Investigators

  • Kee Hyung Park

  • Hanna Cho

  • Han-Kyeol Kim

  • Yeshin Kim

  • Jae Won Jang

  • Hee Young Kang

  • Sung Hoon Kang

  • Soo Jin Yoon

  • Kwang Ki Kim

  • Hang Rai Kim

  • Sang-Myung Cheon

  • Daye Yoon

  • Kyung Won Park

  • Eun Joo Chung

  • Young Ho Park

  • Jae-Sung Lim

  • Sungyang Jo

  • Geon Ha Kim

  • Jee Hyang Jeong

  • Seong Hye Choi

  • Soo Hyun Cho

  • Hyun-Soo Kim

  • Seung Joo Kim

  • Jay Cheol Kwon

  • Ae Young Lee

  • Juyoun Lee

  • Kyung hun Kang

  • Jaeho Kim

  • Si Eun Kim

  • Hyon-Ah Yi

  • Ahro Kim

  • Ji Yoon Park

  • Ko Woon Kim

  • Yun Su Hwang

  • Min Young Chun

  • Dongwon Yang

  • Bora Yoon

  • Yun Jeong Hong

  • Young Hee Jung

  • Yongsoo Shim

  • Byoung Seok Ye

  • Hyuk Sung Kwon

  • Hee-Jin Kim

  • April 29, 2026

  • 0 min

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Clinical Report: Biomarkers in Plasma and Their Association with Clinical Outcomes in Early-Onset Dementia

Overview

This study investigates the trajectories of plasma biomarkers p-tau217, GFAP, and NfL in early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and their associations with clinical outcomes. Findings suggest that these biomarkers may provide distinct diagnostic and prognostic information for EOAD and FTD.

Background

Early-onset dementia, particularly EOAD and FTD, presents unique challenges in diagnosis and management due to atypical symptoms and clinical heterogeneity. Recent advancements in plasma biomarkers have shown promise in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and understanding disease progression. The LEAF cohort study aims to address knowledge gaps regarding the clinical utility of these biomarkers in early-onset dementia populations.

Data Highlights

No numerical data provided in the source material.

Key Findings

  • p-tau217 is a highly accurate biomarker for detecting Alzheimer disease pathology.
  • GFAP and NfL serve as markers for astrocytic activation and neurodegeneration, respectively.
  • Elevated levels of NfL and GFAP were observed in EOAD compared to late-onset AD.
  • Longitudinal changes in plasma biomarkers correlate with cognitive and functional decline in EOAD and FTD.
  • The LEAF cohort study is designed to provide insights into the clinical features and biomarker trajectories in early-onset dementia.

Clinical Implications

Clinicians should consider the use of plasma biomarkers such as p-tau217, GFAP, and NfL for improved diagnostic accuracy and monitoring of disease progression in patients with early-onset dementia. Understanding the distinct biomarker profiles in EOAD and FTD may aid in tailoring treatment strategies and clinical management.

Conclusion

The study underscores the potential of plasma biomarkers in differentiating between EOAD and FTD, highlighting their relevance in clinical practice for early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression.

References

  1. Brain, 2023 -- Plasma pTau181 and amyloid markers predict conversion to dementia in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder
  2. Acta Neuropathologica, 2022 -- Plasma Biomarkers Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease: Links to Neuropathological Changes and Cognitive Decline
  3. Acta Neuropathologica, 2021 -- Plasma p-tau231: An Emerging Biomarker for Early Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology
  4. Acta Neuropathologica, 2020 -- Plasma p-tau181 serves as a reliable biomarker for predicting Alzheimer’s disease pathology up to eight years before post-mortem analysis
  5. New Clinical Practice Guideline for Blood-Based Biomarkers | AAIC, 2025
  6. Plasma Phosphorylated Tau 217 to Identify Preclinical Alzheimer Disease | JAMA Neurology, 2025
  7. Comprehensive cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light across FTD spectrum disorders | Molecular Neurodegeneration, 2025
  8. New Clinical Practice Guideline for Blood-Based Biomarkers | AAIC
  9. Plasma Phosphorylated Tau 217 to Identify Preclinical Alzheimer Disease | Radiology | JAMA Neurology | JAMA Network
  10. Comprehensive cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light across FTD spectrum disorders | Molecular Neurodegeneration | Full Text

Original Source(s)

Biomarkers in Plasma and Their Association with Clinical Outcomes in Early-Onset Dementia

  • by Hyemin Jang, Sun Min Lee, Hee Jin Kim, Na-Yeon Jung, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Liana G. Apostolova, So Young Moon, Eun-Joo Kim, Longitudinal Study of Early-Onset Dementia and Family Members (LEAF) Investigators , Kee Hyung Park, Hanna Cho, Han-Kyeol Kim, Yeshin Kim, Jae Won Jang, Hee Young Kang, Sung Hoon Kang, Soo Jin Yoon, Kwang Ki Kim, Hang Rai Kim, Sang-Myung Cheon, Daye Yoon, Kyung Won Park, Eun Joo Chung, Young Ho Park, Jae-Sung Lim, Sungyang Jo, Geon Ha Kim, Jee Hyang Jeong, Seong Hye Choi, Soo Hyun Cho, Hyun-Soo Kim, Seung Joo Kim, Jay Cheol Kwon, Ae Young Lee, Juyoun Lee, Kyung hun Kang, Jaeho Kim, Si Eun Kim, Hyon-Ah Yi, Ahro Kim, Ji Yoon Park, Ko Woon Kim, Yun Su Hwang, Min Young Chun, Dongwon Yang, Bora Yoon, Yun Jeong Hong, Young Hee Jung, Yongsoo Shim, Byoung Seok Ye, Hyuk Sung Kwon, Hee-Jin Kim

  • April 29, 2026

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