Correction: Novel surrogate markers of CNS inflammation in CSF in the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis - Report - MDSpire

Correction: Novel surrogate markers of CNS inflammation in CSF in the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis

  • By

  • Jocelyn X. Jiang

  • Nicole Fewings

  • Suat Dervish

  • Alessandro F. Fois

  • Stephen R. Duma

  • Matthew Silsby

  • Sushil Bandodkar

  • Sudarshini Ramanathan

  • Andrew Bleasel

  • Bryne John

  • David A. Brown

  • Ming-Wei Lin

  • June 22, 2026

  • 0 min

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Correction: Updated Surrogate Indicators of CNS Inflammation in CSF

Background

Accurate diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is critical, as it can significantly impact patient management and outcomes. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is a cornerstone in the diagnostic workup for AE, with various markers indicating neuroinflammation. Understanding and correctly interpreting these markers is essential for clinicians to make informed decisions.

Data Highlights

No numerical data or trial data is presented in the correction article.

Key Findings

  • Correction of 'CSF monocytosis' to 'CSF pleocytosis' in multiple instances.
  • Clarification that CSF pleocytosis indicates a mononuclear white cell count of >5.
  • Errors in the interpretation of p-values related to cytokines and CSF markers were corrected.
  • Conventional markers such as oligoclonal bands and MRI changes are noted to be neither sensitive nor specific for AE diagnosis.
  • Increased proportions of positive results for CSF pleocytosis and oligoclonal bands were observed in some AE patients.

Clinical Implications

Clinicians should ensure the correct terminology is used when interpreting CSF findings in the context of autoimmune encephalitis. The corrections highlight the importance of precise language and accurate statistical interpretation in clinical research.

Conclusion

The corrections made to the original article emphasize the need for accuracy in reporting clinical markers of CNS inflammation. This ensures that healthcare professionals have reliable information for diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis.

Related Resources & Content

  1. Jiang, J. X., Fewings, N., et al., Front. Neurol, 2020 -- Correction: Updated Surrogate Indicators of CNS Inflammation in CSF for Diagnosing Autoimmune Encephalitis
  2. Frontiers in Psychiatry — Markers of neuroinflammation in the CSF of patients with difficult to treat psychiatric disease
  3. Acta Neuropathologica — Neuronal pSTAT1 as a Marker of Synaptic Dysfunction in Autoimmune Encephalitis Targeting Intracellular Antigens
  4. Acta Neuropathologica — Influence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics and Meningeal Barriers on Inflammatory Lesion Formation at the CNS-PNS Interface of Cranial Nerves in Autoimmune Demyelinating Disorders
  5. The Journal of Infectious Diseases — Increased Cerebrospinal Fluid Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Fragments as a Read-Out of Brain Infection in Patients With COVID-19 Encephalopathy
  6. Canadian Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Encephalitis in Adults
  7. Diagnostic Criteria for Autoimmune Encephalitis in Children | Neurology
  8. Kappa index in the diagnostic work-up of autoimmune encephalitis - ScienceDirect
  9. Cerebrospinal fluid soluble CD27 is a sensitive biomarker of inflammation in autoimmune encephalitis - ScienceDirect
  10. Diagnostic Accuracy of Oligoclonal Bands for CNS Autoimmune Disorders in Acutely Ill Adults | Neurology Clinical Practice
  11. Neurofilament light chain levels in neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis | Translational Psychiatry
  12. Biomarkers of neuroaxonal and astrocytic pathology in autoimmune encephalitis - PubMed

Original Source(s)

Correction: Novel surrogate markers of CNS inflammation in CSF in the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis

  • by Jocelyn X. Jiang, Nicole Fewings, Suat Dervish, Alessandro F. Fois, Stephen R. Duma, Matthew Silsby, Sushil Bandodkar, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Andrew Bleasel, Bryne John, David A. Brown, Ming-Wei Lin

  • June 22, 2026

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