Determinants of 90-Day Mortality in Adults with Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis

Overview

This study evaluates 90-day mortality rates among adults with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) across HIV, solid organ transplant (SOT), and non-HIV, non-transplant (NHNT) groups.

Background

Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis is a severe invasive fungal infection associated with high mortality, particularly in immunocompromised populations. Understanding the determinants of mortality in different host groups is crucial for improving clinical outcomes and guiding treatment strategies. This study addresses gaps in previous research by analyzing mortality across distinct patient categories.

Data Highlights

Key Findings

• Overall 90-day mortality rate among patients with CM was 19.5%.
• NHNT patients had the highest crude 90-day mortality at 23.1%.
• Older age and White race were associated with higher mortality rates.
• Patients with neoplasms had a higher prevalence among non-survivors.
• Mortality rates varied significantly across host groups, with SOT and HIV groups showing lower rates than NHNT.

Clinical Implications

Clinicians should be aware of the elevated mortality risk in NHNT patients with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis.

Conclusion

The study highlights significant disparities in 90-day mortality rates among different host groups with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis.

Related Resources & Content

1. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2023 -- Mortality Rates and Contributing Risk Factors in Kidney Transplant Patients with Cryptococcosis
2. Infection, 2024 -- Predicting Three-Year Survival: Analyzing Risk Factors in HIV-Related Cryptococcosis Affecting the Lungs and Central Nervous System
3. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2023 -- Cerebral Perfusion Pressure: Effects on Clinical Outcomes and Management Strategies in Patients with Cryptococcal Meningitis
4. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2023 -- Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokines and Chemokines Involved in Cytotoxic Cell Function and Risk of Acute 14-Day Mortality in Persons with Advanced HIV and Cryptococcal Meningitis
5. ASM/ECMM/ISHAM Global Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Cryptococcosis, 2024
6. Cryptococcosis: Adult and Adolescent OIs | NIH
7. Single-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B Treatment for Cryptococcal Meningitis
8. ASM/ECMM/ISHAM Global Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Cryptococcosis
9. P-1926. Clinical Characteristics and 90-Day Mortality in Adults with Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis - PMC
10. P-1922. Factors Influencing 90-Day Mortality in Non-HIV, Non-Transplant Patients with Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis
11. Characteristics of Mortality in HIV-negative Cryptococcosis Patients: Analysis of a Cohort of 743 Patients | Open Forum Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
12. Characteristics of Mortality in HIV-negative Cryptococcosis Patients: Analysis of a Cohort of 743 Patients - PMC
13. Comparative Epidemiology and Outcomes of Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Non-HIV Non-transplant, and Solid Organ Transplant Associated Cryptococcosis: A Population-Based Study | Clinical Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
14. Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of cryptococcosis: an initiative of the ECMM and ISHAM in cooperation with the ASM - PMC
15. Treatment of Cryptococcosis | Cryptococcosis | CDC