Characterization of Migraine Subtypes Based on Disability, Pain Distribution, and Autonomic Characteristics

Overview

This study identifies distinct migraine phenotypes and examines their correlation with serum vitamin D levels. Four phenotypes were identified, with vitamin D deficiency prevalent across the cohort but not significantly differing between phenotypes.

Background

Migraine is a prevalent neurological disorder with significant clinical variability, impacting quality of life and healthcare costs. This study explores the relationship between migraine subtypes and vitamin D levels.

Data Highlights

The study included 95 migraine patients and identified four distinct phenotypes based on clinical features. Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent, with a mean level of 17.01 ± 9.71 ng/mL, and 67.4% of patients had levels below 20 ng/mL, comparable to general population estimates.

Key Findings

• Four migraine phenotypes were identified: left-sided aura-rich, right-sided moderate, bilateral high-disability, and bilateral lower-disability.
• The left-sided aura-rich cluster had the lowest median vitamin D level at 9.54 ng/mL.
• Vitamin D deficiency was found to be common across the identified clusters.
• Female sex was a significant predictor of severe phenotype membership (OR 3.37).
• Cluster analysis revealed distinct migraine phenotypes based on clinical variables.

Clinical Implications

The findings highlight the variability in migraine presentations. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this population is noted.

Conclusion

The study demonstrates that distinct migraine phenotypes can be identified, and vitamin D deficiency is prevalent across these groups without significant differences.

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