Short-term cardiotoxicity and early echocardiographic changes following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single-center retrospective analysis - Report - MDSpire
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Short-term cardiotoxicity and early echocardiographic changes following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single-center retrospective analysis
Acute Cardiotoxic Effects and Initial Echocardiographic Alterations After ASCT
Overview
This study evaluates echocardiographic changes within 100 days post-autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Findings indicate a decline in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and an increase in valvular abnormalities post-transplant.
Background
Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a treatment for hematologic malignancies, yet its short-term cardiotoxic effects are not well understood. Monitoring cardiac function through echocardiography is essential for early detection of potential complications.
Data Highlights
Parameter
Pre-ASCT
Post-ASCT (100 days)
p-value
LVEF >50%
193 (94.1%)
187 (91.2%)
0.286
Mean LVEF
-
-
0.016
Valvular abnormalities
86 (42%)
104 (50.7%)
0.073
Key Findings
47.3% of patients had partial remission at transplantation.
52.7% of patients received myeloablative BEAM conditioning.
Mean LVEF showed a decline post-ASCT (p = 0.016).
Pre-existing LV dysfunction was associated with post-transplant LV dysfunction and valvular disease (p < 0.05).
Male gender was linked to a higher incidence of valvular disease (p = 0.024).
Clinical Implications
Echocardiographic monitoring within the first 100 days post-ASCT is essential for identifying early cardiotoxic effects.
Conclusion
ASCT is associated with early declines in LVEF and increased valvular abnormalities.
by Jean El Cheikh, Maria El Tannir, Ali Awada, Ali Tarhini, Nour Moukalled, Iman Abou Dalle, Omar Fakhreddine, Walid Gharzuddin, Ali Bazarbachi, Hadi Skouri
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