Association between air pollution and incident cardiovascular diseases among a population with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0–3: the first evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study - Report - MDSpire
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Association between air pollution and incident cardiovascular diseases among a population with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0–3: the first evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Link Between Air Quality and New Cardiovascular Disease Cases in CKM Syndrome
Overview
This study investigates the correlation between prolonged air pollution exposure and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) among individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome stages 0–3. Findings indicate that increased levels of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 are associated with a higher risk of new-onset CVD.
Background
Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of mortality globally, with significant contributions from environmental factors such as air pollution. The CKM syndrome framework, introduced by the American Heart Association, emphasizes the interconnectedness of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular health.
Data Highlights
Pollutant
Increase in CVD Risk per 10-μg/m3
Hazard Ratio (HR)
PM1
14.8%
1.148 (95% CI, 1.086–1.214)
PM2.5
9.6%
1.096 (95% CI, 1.064–1.128)
PM10
6.8%
1.068 (95% CI, 1.052–1.084)
O3
2.5%
1.025 (95% CI, 0.962–1.091)
NO2
12.4%
1.124 (95% CI 1.063–1.189)
Key Findings
21.8% of participants with CKM syndrome stages 0–3 experienced CVD events during the study.
Significant associations were found between air pollution exposure and increased CVD risk, particularly for PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2.
Educational attainment modified the risk associated with air pollution exposure, with lower educational levels correlating with higher risk.
Metabolic syndrome was identified as a partial mediator in the relationship between air pollution and CVD incidence.
Ozone exposure did not show a significant association with CVD risk.
Clinical Implications
Healthcare professionals should consider the impact of air pollution on cardiovascular health, especially in patients with CKM syndrome. Monitoring and addressing environmental risk factors may be crucial in managing CVD risk in this population.
Conclusion
The study identifies an association between air pollution and new-onset CVD in individuals with CKM syndrome stages 0–3.
