Impact of Thyroiditis on the Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology: A Clinico-Radiological and Cytological Evaluation of Discordance Risk Factors

By
Matrix M. H. Fung
Anthony T. Y. Ng
Nicholas T. C. Ng
Joanna K. M. Ng
Joshua J. X. Li
Philippe Vielh
Philip P. C. Ip
February 25, 2026
0 min

Bmc Endocrine Disorders

Overview

This study evaluates how thyroiditis affects the diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in thyroid lesions. It highlights the increased risk of neoplasm and malignancy associated with thyroiditis and the diagnostic discordance in various Bethesda categories.

Background

Thyroiditis can induce atypical cytomorphological changes that complicate the interpretation of FNAC results, potentially leading to misdiagnosis. Accurate diagnosis is critical as it influences clinical management and treatment decisions for thyroid lesions. Understanding the impact of thyroiditis on FNAC diagnostic accuracy is essential for improving patient outcomes.

Data Highlights

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Key Findings

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Clinical Implications

Clinicians should be aware of the potential for diagnostic discordance in FNAC results when thyroiditis is present. This knowledge can guide further diagnostic and therapeutic decisions, including the need for surgical intervention or closer monitoring.

Conclusion

The study underscores the importance of considering thyroiditis as a significant factor affecting the accuracy of FNAC in thyroid lesions. Enhanced awareness and understanding can improve diagnostic precision and patient management.

Impact of Thyroiditis on the Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology: A Clinico-Radiological and Cytological Evaluation of Discordance Risk Factors