Associations between body composition phenotypes and physical function in community-dwelling older adults: an exploratory analysis of limb muscle mass asymmetry - Report - MDSpire
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Exploring the Relationship Between Body Composition Types and Physical Function in Older Adults Living Independently: A Focus on Limb Muscle Mass Imbalance
Clinical Report: Exploring Body Composition and Physical Function in Older Adults
Overview
This study identifies distinct body composition phenotypes among community-dwelling older adults and examines their association with physical function. Significant differences in physical performance were observed across phenotypes.
Background
As the global population ages, understanding factors that influence physical function in older adults is critical for promoting healthy aging. Body composition, particularly the balance of muscle and fat, plays a significant role in physical capability and overall health.
Data Highlights
Phenotype
Percentage
Grip Strength (P)
One-leg Stance (P)
30-s Chair Stand (P)
Low-adiposity (C1)
27%
0.003
0.002
0.003
Balanced (C2)
55%
-
-
-
High-adiposity–high-muscle (C3)
18%
Highest
-
-
Key Findings
Three body composition phenotypes were identified: low-adiposity, balanced, and high-adiposity–high-muscle.
Significant differences in physical function were noted across phenotypes, particularly in grip strength and balance tests.
The high-adiposity–high-muscle phenotype exhibited the highest grip strength.
Limb muscle mass asymmetry was not significantly associated with functional performance after correction for multiple comparisons.
Upper-limb asymmetry was nominally associated with low one-leg stance performance but lost significance after FDR correction.
Clinical Implications
Understanding body composition phenotypes can aid in assessing the functional capabilities of older adults.
Conclusion
The study highlights the heterogeneity of body composition among older adults and its impact on physical function.
