ProtoFlow: interpretable and robust surgical workflow modeling with learned dynamic scene graph prototypes - Report - MDSpire

ProtoFlow: interpretable and robust surgical workflow modeling with learned dynamic scene graph prototypes

  • By

  • Felix Holm

  • Ghazal Ghazaei

  • Nassir Navab

  • May 28, 2026

  • 0 min

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Clinical Report: Dynamic Scene Graph Prototypes for Surgical Workflow Modeling

Overview

ProtoFlow is a novel prototype learning framework designed to enhance the modeling of surgical workflows through dynamic scene graphs.

Background

The accurate recognition of surgical workflows is important for the development of AI-driven surgical automation and decision support systems.

Data Highlights

ProtoFlow was evaluated on the CAT-SG dataset, demonstrating superior performance in few-shot learning scenarios.

Key Findings

  • ProtoFlow utilizes dynamic scene graphs to model surgical workflows, enhancing interpretability.
  • The framework supports few-shot learning, reducing the need for large labeled datasets.
  • It integrates self-supervised and supervised learning to improve prototype robustness.
  • ProtoFlow enables qualitative deviation analysis, offering insights into deviations from standard surgical procedures.
  • Ablation studies show that ProtoFlow outperforms existing baselines in surgical workflow recognition.

Clinical Implications

The implementation of ProtoFlow could facilitate more accurate and interpretable AI-driven decision support in surgical environments. Its ability to generalize from limited data may enhance training and workflow optimization in various surgical contexts.

Conclusion

ProtoFlow represents a significant advancement in the modeling of surgical workflows, combining interpretability with robust performance in challenging clinical scenarios.

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