Clinical Report: Combined Nutritional Risk and Iron Deficiency in Elderly ED Patients
Overview
This study investigates the combined impact of nutritional risk and iron deficiency on 28-day mortality in elderly patients in the emergency department.
Background
Older adults in emergency departments often face complex health challenges, including malnutrition and iron deficiency, both of which are associated with poor clinical outcomes.
Data Highlights
Group
28-Day Mortality Rate
Adjusted HR
G1 (mNUTRIC < 5, no ID)
22.8%
1.0
G4 (mNUTRIC ≥ 5, with ID)
42.7%
4.901
Key Findings
The overall 28-day mortality rate among participants was 22.8%.
Patients with both high nutritional risk and iron deficiency (G4) had a mortality rate of 42.7%.
The risk of mortality for G4 patients was 4.9 times greater than for G1 patients (adjusted HR = 4.901).
Hemoglobin levels were identified as a strong independent protective factor (HR = 0.976).
The excess mortality risk in G4 was significantly higher in patients with concurrent anemia (HR = 6.224).
The combination of mNUTRIC score, hemoglobin, and iron deficiency provided the best prediction of 28-day mortality (AUC = 0.779).
Clinical Implications
The findings indicate the importance of assessing both nutritional risk and iron deficiency in elderly patients in emergency settings.
Conclusion
The coexistence of high nutritional risk and iron deficiency is associated with increased mortality risk in older emergency department patients.
