Clinical Report: Mucosal Immunization via a BoHV-4 Vector in Goats

Overview

This study evaluates a mucosal vaccination strategy using a BoHV-4 vector expressing CpHV-1 gD in goats. Both intravaginal and intranasal routes were effective, with intravaginal immunization showing superior control of viral shedding.

Background

Caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1) is a significant pathogen in goats, causing genital disease and reproductive failure. Effective vaccination strategies are crucial for preventing sexually transmitted infections, particularly in the female reproductive tract, where mucosal immunity plays a vital role.

Data Highlights

Key Findings

• Both intravaginal and intranasal immunization routes conferred complete protection against CpHV-1 infection.
• Vaccinated goats showed no fever or genital pathology post-challenge, unlike unvaccinated controls.
• Viral shedding was significantly reduced in vaccinated goats, with intravaginal immunization providing superior control.
• Both routes induced CpHV-1–specific systemic antibody responses, including functional neutralizing antibodies.
• Higher neutralizing antibody titers were observed after intranasal vaccination compared to intravaginal vaccination.

Clinical Implications

The study establishes the goat–CpHV-1 model as a valuable system for preclinical evaluation of herpesvirus vaccines.

Conclusion

Mucosal vaccination using a BoHV-4 vector expressing CpHV-1 gD is effective in providing protection against genital herpesvirus infection in goats.

Related Resources & Content

1. Frontiers in Immunology, 2026 -- Distal and Local Mucosal Immunization with a BoHV-4-based Vector Delivering CpHV-1 gD Confers Protection Against Intravaginal CpHV-1 Challenge in Goats
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8. Frontiers | Distal and Local Mucosal Immunization with a BoHV-4-based Vector Delivering CpHV-1 gD Confers Protection Against Intravaginal CpHV-1 Challenge in Goats
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