Prevalence and Risk Factors of PTSD in Civilian Populations of Kashmir

Overview

This systematic review highlights the prevalence of PTSD among civilians in Indian-administered Kashmir, with estimates ranging from 15.9% to 49.8% in specific groups. The findings identify risk factors, including gender, socioeconomic status, and direct exposure to conflict-related injuries.

Background

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a significant mental health concern in populations exposed to prolonged armed conflict. Civilians in conflict-affected areas, such as Indian-administered Kashmir, face risks of developing PTSD due to exposure to traumatic events. Understanding the prevalence and risk factors associated with PTSD in these populations is important.

Data Highlights

Key Findings

• PTSD prevalence among community-based adults ranges from 15.9% to 24.5%.
• Higher prevalence rates of 49.8% were reported among college students.
• Children showed a 40% prevalence of probable PTSD.
• Women, orphans, and those with direct conflict-related injuries had higher prevalence.
• There are associations between cumulative trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms.
• PTSD symptoms often co-occur with depression, anxiety, and substance misuse.

Clinical Implications

The findings indicate a demand for psychiatric care in Kashmir, which may exceed current capacity.

Conclusion

The review highlights the prevalence of PTSD among civilians in Indian-administered Kashmir and identifies variability in findings due to methodological differences.

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