An integrated body composition– immunonutritional signature for predicting immunotherapy response and prognosis in gastric cancer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study - Report - MDSpire
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An integrated body composition– immunonutritional signature for predicting immunotherapy response and prognosis in gastric cancer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Clinical Report: Body Composition and Immunonutritional Profile in Gastric Cancer
Overview
This study developed an integrated Body Composition and Immunonutritional Signature (BCIS) to predict outcomes in gastric cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitor therapy. The BCIS demonstrated significant associations with major pathological response rates, immune-related adverse events, and survival outcomes.
Background
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, particularly in East Asia. Neoadjuvant therapies, including PD-1 inhibitors, have improved treatment outcomes, yet patient responses remain variable. Understanding host factors such as body composition and nutritional status may enhance predictive capabilities for treatment responses.
Data Highlights
BCIS Classification
Major Pathological Response Rate
Favorable (n=243)
64.2%
Intermediate (n=303)
39.6%
Unfavorable (n=174)
21.8%
Key Findings
BCIS classified patients into favorable, intermediate, and unfavorable groups based on ten adverse host features.
Major pathological response rates significantly decreased across BCIS strata (P-trend<0.001).
Each point increase in BCIS reduced the odds of major pathological response by approximately 40% (adjusted OR = 0.61).
At a median follow-up of 42.5 months, each BCIS point increased the hazard of progression by 53% (adjusted HR = 1.53).
BCIS improved the area under the curve (AUC) for predicting major pathological response from 0.597 to 0.710.
Clinical Implications
Incorporating BCIS into patient evaluations may improve the understanding of treatment outcomes.
Conclusion
The BCIS is a prognostic tool that may provide additional predictive information in gastric cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
