Clinical Report: Evaluation of CVAI, LAP, CI, and AVI in Predicting T2DM

Overview

This study evaluates the associations of four visceral adiposity indices with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Chinese adults aged 50 and older, revealing significant sex differences in their predictive power. The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) demonstrated the highest discriminatory ability overall, while the lipid accumulation product (LAP) was more predictive in females.

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant public health challenge, particularly among older adults who exhibit unique fat distribution patterns. The increasing prevalence of diabetes in China necessitates effective risk evaluation tools. This study investigates the utility of various visceral adiposity indices in predicting T2DM, considering the impact of sex on these associations.

Data Highlights

Key Findings

• All four indices (CVAI, LAP, CI, AVI) were positively associated with prevalent T2DM after full adjustment.
• CVAI and CI showed significant associations across Q2-Q4, while LAP and AVI were significant only in Q3-Q4.
• CVAI had the highest AUC in the overall population (0.634) and in males (0.658).
• LAP demonstrated a stronger association and higher discriminatory ability in females (AUC 0.642).
• Sex differences were evident, with CVAI, CI, and AVI showing stronger associations in males.

Clinical Implications

Healthcare professionals should consider the use of visceral adiposity indices, particularly CVAI and LAP, for assessing T2DM risk in older adults. The findings underscore the importance of sex-specific approaches in diabetes risk evaluation and management.

Conclusion

The study highlights the independent associations of visceral adiposity indices with T2DM in older adults, emphasizing the need for sex-specific assessments in clinical practice. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings.

Related Resources & Content

1. American Diabetes Association, Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026, 2025 -- The American Diabetes Association Releases “Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026”
2. Frontiers, 2026 -- Lipid biomarkers for the prediction of type 2 diabetes risk, an umbrella review and updated meta-analyses of prospective observational studies
3. BMC Psychiatry, 2026 -- Gender-Based Variations in the Link Between Relative Fat Mass and Cognitive Decline Among Hospitalized Middle-Aged and Older Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes in China: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Single Center
4. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2026 -- Association of Depressive Symptoms with Diabetes Progression in Chinese Adults Aged 45 and Older with Prediabetes: Findings from a National Cohort Study
5. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 2026 -- External validation of SCORE2-Diabetes in The Netherlands across various socioeconomic levels in native-Dutch and non-Dutch populations
6. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism — Gender Variations in Cardiovascular Health and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Throughout Menopausal Phases in "Life's Essential 8" Framework
7. The American Diabetes Association Releases “Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026” | American Diabetes Association
8. Frontiers | Lipid biomarkers for the prediction of type 2 diabetes risk, an umbrella review and updated meta-analyses of prospective observational studies
9. https://weekly.chinacdc.cn/fileCCDCW/journal/article/ccdcw/2025/20/PDF/CCDCW250095.pdf