The role of a multidisciplinary approach in the early and differential diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease–related spondyloarthritis: insights from a cross-sectional study

By
Alberto Floris
Leonardo Sichi
Agnese Favale
Marcella Falconi
Andrea Pace
Maria Maddalena Angioni
Angelo Italia
Raffaela Piras
Federica Olla
Francesca Onnis
Matteo Piga
Massimo Claudio Fantini
Sara Onali
Alberto Cauli
May 12, 2026
0 min

Frontiers In Medicine

Overview

This study highlights the effectiveness of a collaborative approach between gastroenterologists and rheumatologists in diagnosing spondyloarthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD-SpA). The findings indicate a significant increase in the identification of new IBD-SpA cases and underscore the importance of timely diagnosis to improve patient outcomes.

Background

Spondyloarthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD-SpA) complicates the management of IBD and is often misdiagnosed due to overlapping symptoms. Timely diagnosis is crucial to prevent structural damage and improve quality of life. The lack of definitive diagnostic guidelines further complicates early identification, making a multidisciplinary approach essential.

Data Highlights

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Key Findings

81 patients had a prior diagnosis of spondyloarthritis (SpA).
117 patients were identified as suspected cases of IBD-SpA.
15% of suspected cases were confirmed as new IBD-SpA diagnoses.
22% relative increase in total SpA cases, raising prevalence from 13.4% to 16.4%.
72% of newly diagnosed cases resulted in treatment changes determined collaboratively.
Swollen joint count was a significant predictor of new IBD-SpA diagnosis (adjOR 5.70).

Clinical Implications

The study emphasizes the necessity of a collaborative diagnostic approach between gastroenterologists and rheumatologists to enhance the identification of IBD-SpA. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for misdiagnosis and the importance of thorough musculoskeletal assessments in IBD patients.

Conclusion

Implementing a multidisciplinary strategy significantly improves the timely and accurate diagnosis of IBD-SpA, ultimately enhancing patient management and outcomes.