Unveiling the Rare Coexistence: Thyroid Hemiagenesis and Thyroid Cancer - Case series and Comprehensive Review
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By
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Guiming, Fu
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Zhou, Hongxia
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Wan, Ting
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Li, Yinfeng
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Wang, Zhaohui
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Hou, Yanjia
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May 4, 2026
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Clinical Scorecard: Exploring the Uncommon Combination: Thyroid Hemiagenesis with Thyroid Cancer - A Case Series and In-Depth Review
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | Thyroid Hemiagenesis with Thyroid Cancer |
| Key Mechanisms | Congenital anomaly associated with potential genetic factors. |
| Target Population | Individuals with thyroid hemiagenesis, particularly females. |
| Care Setting | Clinical settings specializing in endocrinology and oncology. |
Key Highlights
- Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare congenital anomaly.
- Simultaneous occurrence of thyroid carcinoma in THA is infrequent.
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma accounts for 81.3% of cases.
- Surgical intervention is the primary treatment approach.
- Diagnostic methods are similar to those for typical thyroid cancer.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Utilize color Doppler ultrasonography, CT imaging, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy.
Management
- Surgical resection is recommended, following guidelines for conventional thyroid cancer.
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Long-term outcomes and complications require further evaluation.
Risks
- Potential genetic factors may influence the occurrence of THA and TC.
Patient & Prescribing Data
32 documented cases of THA complicated by TC over 50 years.
29 patients underwent surgical intervention, with varying extents of resection.
Clinical Best Practices
- Develop surgical approaches in accordance with clinical guidelines for conventional thyroid cancer.
- Consider genetic counseling for patients with THA and TC.
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