Prevalence of Antibodies Against Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya Viruses in Humans and Nearby Macaques in Thailand and Cambodia

Category	Detail
Condition	Arboviral infections caused by dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV)
Key Mechanisms	Transmission primarily via Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes; potential sylvatic reservoirs including macaques
Target Population	Humans aged 18-55 living or working near macaque populations in periurban Thailand and Cambodia; nearby macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
Care Setting	Community and periurban settings in endemic regions of Southeast Asia

Higher seropositivity rates for DENV, ZIKV, and CHIKV observed in humans (38.5%–74.4%) compared to macaques (0%–8.0%)
Age was the only significant predictor of human seropositivity in multivariate analyses
Low macaque seropositivity suggests limited role in sustaining urban arboviral transmission cycles; may reflect spillback from humans

Use plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT50) to detect neutralizing antibodies against DENV, ZIKV, and CHIKV for seroprevalence assessment

Focus public health interventions on human populations given higher seroprevalence and transmission risk
Vector control targeting Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes remains critical

Conduct serosurveys in humans and proximal nonhuman primates to monitor arboviral circulation and potential spillover/spillback events
Monitor age-related seropositivity trends to identify at-risk groups

Urbanization and climate change contribute to expanding vector density and arboviral epidemics
Potential for virus mutation and emergence of novel variants from sylvatic reservoirs remains a concern

Adults aged 18-55 living or working near macaque populations in endemic periurban areas

No direct treatment data provided; emphasis on surveillance and vector control to reduce infection risk

Obtain informed consent and detailed exposure history for individuals in endemic areas
Use PRNT50 assays for accurate serological detection of arboviral antibodies
Integrate human and animal surveillance data to understand transmission dynamics at the human-animal interface
Prioritize vector control strategies targeting both Ae. aegypti (anthropophilic) and Ae. albopictus (zoophilic) mosquitoes
Consider age as a factor in risk stratification for arboviral exposure

Clinical Scorecard: Prevalence of Antibodies Against Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya Viruses in Humans and Nearby Macaques in Thailand and Cambodia