Assessment of Keratoconus Frequency Among First-Degree Relatives: A Study Utilizing Corneal Tomography Screening
-
By
-
Lokeshwari Aruljyothi
-
Anuja Jankiraman
-
Reshma Rachel
-
Balagiri Sundar
-
Saranya Arunachalam
-
Manohar Babu
-
Nambi Nallasamy
-
February 14, 2026
-
Clinical Scorecard: Assessment of Keratoconus Frequency Among First-Degree Relatives: A Study Utilizing Corneal Tomography Screening
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | Keratoconus (KC) |
| Key Mechanisms | Progressive corneal ectasia characterized by stromal thinning, focal steepening, and epithelial remodeling. |
| Target Population | First-degree relatives of patients with keratoconus. |
| Care Setting | Tertiary care centers with specialized equipment for corneal tomography. |
Key Highlights
- Familial aggregation in ~15-20% of KC cases compared to 1-3% of controls.
- Screening via corneal tomography can identify early and subclinical KC.
- KC prevalence is significantly higher in certain regions, particularly in the Middle East and India.
- Mechanical factors like chronic eye rubbing are significant environmental risks.
- Genetic predisposition plays a critical role in KC incidence.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Utilize corneal tomography for early detection of KC in first-degree relatives.
Management
- Focus on targeted screening for first-degree relatives to prevent vision loss.
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Regular follow-up with corneal tomography for at-risk populations.
Risks
- Underdiagnosis of KC in asymptomatic or subclinical cases.
Patient & Prescribing Data
First-degree relatives of patients with keratoconus.
Early identification through screening can lead to better management and prevention of vision deterioration.
Clinical Best Practices
- Implement corneal tomography screening in family members of KC patients.
- Educate patients about the genetic risks associated with KC.
- Encourage regular eye examinations for early detection of KC.
References
