Nutritional Supplementation in Glaucoma
Evidence points to neuroprotective and vasoregulatory effects of dietary supplements and nutrients in glaucoma management.
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By
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Cecily L. Kaufmann, BSN
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Samantha Goldburg, MD
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Rachel Chapman
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Mary Qiu, MD,
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March 1, 2026
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Clinical Scorecard: Nutritional Supplementation in Glaucoma
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | Glaucoma |
| Key Mechanisms | Neuroprotection, vasoregulation, oxidative stress mitigation |
| Target Population | Patients with glaucoma, particularly older adults |
| Care Setting | Ophthalmology clinics, general healthcare settings |
Key Highlights
- Dietary supplements may enhance standard glaucoma therapy.
- Antioxidants can neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) linked to retinal damage.
- Specific nutrients like vitamins C, A, E, and carotenoids show potential protective effects.
- Flavonoids and Ginkgo biloba extract may improve ocular blood flow and visual field function.
- Saffron supplementation has shown temporary intraocular pressure reduction.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Consider dietary history in glaucoma patients.
Management
- Incorporate dietary supplements as adjuncts to standard glaucoma treatments.
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Assess visual field progression in relation to dietary intake.
Risks
- Potential interactions with standard glaucoma medications.
Patient & Prescribing Data
Older adults, particularly those with normal-tension or high-tension glaucoma.
Dietary modifications should complement, not replace, established treatments.
Clinical Best Practices
- Encourage patients to increase intake of antioxidant-rich foods.
- Monitor serum levels of key vitamins in glaucoma patients.
- Consider the role of dietary supplements in patients with progressive glaucoma despite IOP control.
References
