A Socioeconomic Analysis of the Worldwide Impact of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (1990–2021): Insights from the GBD 2021 Study
By
Xiao Longwu
Xia Teng
November 10, 2025
Clinical Scorecard: A Socioeconomic Analysis of the Worldwide Impact of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (1990–2021): Insights from the GBD 2021 Study
At a Glance
Category Detail
Condition Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Key Mechanisms Reflux of gastric and duodenal contents into the esophagus, influenced by genetic and behavioral risk factors. Target Population Individuals affected by GERD, across all age groups and sexes. Care Setting Global health care systems.
Key Highlights
Global prevalence of GERD ranges from 5% to 25%. 77.53% increase in global GERD cases from 1990 to 2019. Highest age-standardized prevalence rates found in Latin America, South Asia, North Africa, and the Middle East. GERD is associated with significant economic burden and quality of life compromise. Socioeconomic Development Index (SDI) significantly affects GERD burden. Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
Utilize ICD-10 codes K21-K21.9, K22.7, and R12 for GERD classification. Management
Implement global GERD prevention and control policies based on socioeconomic insights. Monitoring & Follow-up
Track incidence, prevalence, and DALYs using GBD data for ongoing assessment. Risks
Consider dietary habits, obesity, psychological stress, and medication use as risk factors. Patient & Prescribing Data
Individuals with GERD across various geographic regions.
Treatment strategies should address both medical and socioeconomic factors.
Clinical Best Practices
Integrate socioeconomic determinants in GERD management strategies. Utilize comprehensive epidemiological data for informed decision-making. Adopt dynamic longitudinal analytical frameworks for ongoing research. References
