High prevalence of thyroid nodules and their association with cardiometabolic risk in Mongolia
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By
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Oyuntugs Byambasukh
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Anar Bayarmunkh
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Tsakhim-Erdene Tsendjav
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Tugsjargal Purevsukh
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Tuvshinjargal Dashjamts
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Batzorig Bayartsogt
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Enkhtur Yadamsuren
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Altaisaikhan Khasag
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Oyunsuren Enebish
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Tumur-Ochir Tsedev-Ochir
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June 8, 2026
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Clinical Scorecard: Thyroid Nodules in Mongolia: Prevalence and Links to Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | Thyroid Nodules |
| Key Mechanisms | Association with obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors. |
| Target Population | Adults in Mongolia |
| Care Setting | Nationwide health checkups |
Key Highlights
- Thyroid nodules identified in 40.3% of participants.
- Higher prevalence in women (39.2%) compared to men (19.8%).
- Prevalence in Ulaanbaatar (43.9%) exceeds rural areas (35.4%).
- Nodules associated with higher BMI, central obesity, and diabetes.
- 60.0% of women in very high CVD risk category had nodules.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Thyroid ultrasound for detection of nodules.
Management
- Monitor cardiometabolic parameters in patients with thyroid nodules.
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Regular health checkups to assess thyroid and cardiometabolic health.
Risks
- Increased cardiovascular risk associated with thyroid nodules.
Patient & Prescribing Data
Adults screened in Mongolia's national health program.
Focus on managing obesity and diabetes in patients with nodules.
Clinical Best Practices
- Utilize high-resolution ultrasound for accurate assessment of thyroid nodules.
- Conduct comprehensive evaluations of cardiometabolic health in patients with nodules.
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