Risk and Protective Factors for Suicide Mortality in Youths: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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By
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Marie-Claude Geoffroy
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Elizabeth Baker-Sullivan
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Nusrat Jahan Nitu
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Alessia Civita
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Jill Boruff
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Mark Sinyor
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Jo Robinson
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Kathleen MacDonald
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Lauren Anzarouth
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Elise Chartrand
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Srividya N. Iyer
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Rachel Langevin
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Jane Pirkis
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Brett Thombs
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July 2, 2026
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Clinical Scorecard: Identifying Risk and Protective Elements Associated with Youth Suicide Mortality: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | Youth Suicide Mortality |
| Key Mechanisms | Mental disorders, social adversity, and health care contact |
| Target Population | Individuals aged 10 to 24 years |
| Care Setting | Systematic review and meta-analysis of risk and protective factors |
Key Highlights
- Suicide is a leading cause of death among youth aged 10 to 24 years.
- Boys die by suicide at 2 to 5 times the rate of girls.
- Limited documentation of risk and protective factors for youth suicide mortality.
- Previous reviews often focused on suicidal ideation rather than mortality.
- This study synthesizes a broad range of factors specific to youth suicide mortality.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Utilize case-control and cohort studies to assess risk factors.
Management
- Target prevention strategies based on identified risk and protective factors.
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Evaluate the impact of social adversity and mental health on youth suicide rates.
Risks
- Consider the convergence of mental disorders and social adversity in youth.
Patient & Prescribing Data
Youth aged 24 years or younger
Focus on mental health and socioecological determinants.
Clinical Best Practices
- Conduct systematic reviews to identify risk and protective factors.
- Incorporate developmental differences in youth when assessing suicide risk.
- Utilize standardized screening guides for consistency in data extraction.
Related Resources & Content
