Metachronous multicentric giant cell tumor of bone with pulmonary metastases: a case report with 20-year follow-up
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By
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Lei Zhao
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Wei Wang
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Guohui Liang
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Zhicai Zhang
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Jianxiang Liu
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Binlong Zhong
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May 7, 2026
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Clinical Scorecard: A Case Study of Metachronous Multicentric Giant Cell Tumor of Bone with Lung Metastases: 20-Year Follow-Up Analysis
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | |
| Key Mechanisms | Aggressive behavior with potential for pulmonary metastasis; involves osteoclast-mediated bone destruction and treatment challenges. |
| Target Population | |
| Care Setting | |
Key Highlights
- MGCTB is exceedingly rare, comprising fewer than 1% of GCTB cases, with high local recurrence rates.
- Denosumab has shown effectiveness in controlling advanced MGCTB, particularly in cases with incomplete resection.
- Local recurrence rates for GCTB range from 20.5% to 53%, with malignant transformation occurring in approximately 10% of cases.
- Long-term follow-up is crucial for managing MGCTB, especially in the context of surgical interventions.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
Management
- Surgical interventions including curettage, resection, and amputation as necessary, with emphasis on joint-preserving techniques.
Monitoring & Follow-up
Risks
Patient & Prescribing Data
Denosumab initiated in 2017 led to sustained disease stabilization after multiple prior surgical interventions and chemotherapy.
Clinical Best Practices
- Consider long-term systemic therapy for MGCTB management, including denosumab.
- Monitor for disease progression post-surgery and during systemic therapy, utilizing regular imaging.
- Utilize multidisciplinary approaches involving oncology and orthopedic specialists, including case reviews and collaborative treatment planning.
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