Intravenous leiomyomatosis manifesting as a cardiac mass: a case report
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By
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Haoxuan Deng
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Qiyue Zhu
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Wei Qiu
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Yunyan Zhang
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Junyi Hua
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June 2, 2026
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Clinical Scorecard: Intravenous Leiomyomatosis Presenting as a Cardiac Tumor: A Case Study
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | |
| Key Mechanisms | Benign smooth muscle tumor extending intravascularly from pelvic veins to the heart. |
| Target Population | |
| Care Setting | |
Key Highlights
- IVL can present as a cardiac mass, complicating diagnosis.
- Multimodal imaging is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
- Histopathological examination confirms IVL with specific immunohistochemical markers.
- Short-term postoperative imaging data available; long-term follow-up ongoing.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Utilize contrast-enhanced pelvic CT and transthoracic echocardiography for diagnosis.
Management
- Multidisciplinary two-stage surgical resection is recommended.
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Postoperative imaging should be conducted to assess for recurrence.
Risks
- Potential for life-threatening complications such as tumor rupture and pulmonary embolism.
Patient & Prescribing Data
45-year-old woman with chest discomfort and irregular menstruation.
Clinical Best Practices
- Recognize IVL as a differential diagnosis for cardiac masses.
- Ensure thorough imaging evaluation to differentiate IVL from other cardiac tumors.
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