Clinical Scorecard: Linking Preterm Birth to Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Pakistani Children: Findings from a Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis

At a Glance

Key Highlights

• Preterm birth prevalence was 27.7% among the studied children.
• NDD prevalence was significantly higher in preterm children (25.8%) compared to full-term children (13.4%).
• The risk of NDDs increased with the severity of prematurity.
• Socioeconomic status (SES) significantly influenced neurodevelopmental outcomes.
• Children who were preterm and from low SES households had the highest odds of NDDs.

Guideline-Based Recommendations

Diagnosis

• Use standardized screening tools such as Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 and Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers.

Management

• Implement early screening and targeted interventions for high-risk children.

Monitoring & Follow-up

• Regular follow-up assessments for neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm children.

Risks

• Increased risk of NDDs associated with preterm birth, low maternal education, male sex, low income, and NICU admission.

Patient & Prescribing Data

Children aged 2–6 years born preterm in Pakistan.

Focus on early intervention strategies and support for families from low SES backgrounds.

Clinical Best Practices

• Conduct comprehensive developmental assessments for preterm infants.
• Address socioeconomic factors in care planning.
• Enhance access to neonatal care and early intervention services.

Related Resources & Content

• Study on preterm birth and NDDs in Pakistan