Vaginal dysbiosis and inflammatory signatures in preterm labor: an integrated model for predicting preterm birth
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By
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Subeen Hong
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Gi Soo Um
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Byung Soo Kang
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Oyoung Kim
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Seon Ui Lee
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Hyun Sun Ko
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Sangho Nam
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Seungok Lee
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In Yang Park
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Sun Shin
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June 5, 2026
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Clinical Scorecard: Vaginal Microbiome Imbalance and Inflammatory Markers in Preterm Labor: A Comprehensive Model for Predicting Preterm Birth
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | Preterm Birth (PTB) |
| Key Mechanisms | Vaginal microbiome dysbiosis and local immune responses |
| Target Population | Pregnant women with preterm labor |
| Care Setting | Obstetric care in a hospital setting |
Key Highlights
- Dysbiosis and CST IV prevalent in PTL-PTB group
- Elevated IL-1β in CST III and MMP-9 in CST IV
- Logistic regression model predicts PTB with AUC = 0.910
- Distinct microbial and immune profiles linked to PTL progression
- MMP-9 identified as a key effector in PTB
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Assess vaginal microbiome composition using 16S rRNA sequencing
- Evaluate inflammatory cytokines and ECM remodeling factors
Management
- Utilize integrative biomarker models for risk stratification in PTL
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Monitor levels of MMP-9 and other cytokines in cervicovaginal fluid
Risks
- Increased risk of PTB associated with non-Lactobacillus-dominant microbiota
Patient & Prescribing Data
Women presenting with preterm labor
Focus on microbiome and inflammatory markers for predicting PTB
Clinical Best Practices
- Conduct comprehensive analysis of microbiome and immune responses
- Incorporate cytokine and MMP profiling in clinical assessments
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