Multiniche mycobiome profiling identifies distinctive fungal dysbiosis in common variable immunodeficiency

Category	Detail
Condition	Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)
Key Mechanisms	Alterations in the fungal microbiome (mycobiome) with a notable increase in opportunistic yeasts, particularly Candida albicans.
Target Population	Adults with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID), including those with immune dysregulation (dCVID) and infectious-only manifestations (iCVID).
Care Setting	Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.

Significant differences in mycobiome composition between CVID patients and healthy controls.
Reduced fungal richness and evenness in CVID, especially in respiratory and oral samples.
Enrichment of Candida albicans and other opportunistic yeasts in CVID patients.
Strong discriminatory performance of fungal profiles as potential non-invasive biomarkers for CVID.
No significant separation between dCVID and iCVID based on mycobiome profiles.

Utilize fungal profiling as a non-invasive biomarker for distinguishing CVID from healthy controls.

Consider monitoring fungal microbiome alterations in CVID patients to assess disease progression.

Regular assessment of mycobiome composition may provide insights into immune dysregulation and treatment response.

Increased risk of opportunistic infections due to dysbiosis in the fungal microbiome.

Adults with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID), including those with immune dysregulation and infectious-only manifestations.

Immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) may reduce infectious burden but does not address non-infectious complications.

Integrate mycobiome analysis into routine assessments for CVID patients.
Educate patients on the potential implications of fungal dysbiosis on their health.

Clinical Scorecard: Distinctive Fungal Dysbiosis Identified Through Multiniche Mycobiome Profiling in Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency