Park Features Linked to Depression in Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 329,363 Adults
By
Jonathan R. Olsen
Natalie Nicholls
Fiona M. Caryl
Thomas Astell-Burt
Jill P. Pell
Donald M. Lyall
Frederick K. Ho
Xiaoqi Feng
Richard Mitchell
January 21, 2026
Clinical Scorecard: Park Features Linked to Depression in Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 329,363 Adults
At a Glance
Category Detail
Condition Depression Key Mechanisms Greenspace exposure, park amenities, proximity effects Target Population Adults aged 37–73 years from the UK Biobank cohort Care Setting Community settings
Key Highlights
Greater greenspace exposure is associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Different park types (recreation, sport, nature) confer mental health benefits. Proximity to parks with sports amenities shows greater mental health improvements. Specific park characteristics (amenities, size) may influence depression outcomes. Research gaps exist regarding optimal park features for mental health. Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
Assess history of depression through self-report or linkage to medical records. Management
Encourage access to greenspace and parks as part of mental health interventions. Monitoring & Follow-up
Evaluate changes in depressive symptoms in relation to greenspace exposure. Risks
Consider potential negative impacts of physical isolation and reduced walkability. Patient & Prescribing Data
Adults aged 37–73 years, primarily from the UK.
Incorporating park access and features into mental health strategies may enhance outcomes.
Clinical Best Practices
Utilize objective measurements of park characteristics for research. Promote parks with diverse amenities to support mental health. Consider demographic factors when assessing park impact on mental health. References
