Organizational models for acute gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review of hospital networks, multidisciplinary care and bloodless programs (2015–2025) - Scorecard - MDSpire

Organizational models for acute gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review of hospital networks, multidisciplinary care and bloodless programs (2015–2025)

  • By

  • Sungat Otegen

  • Lyudmila S. Yermukhanova

  • Abylai Baimakhanov

  • Negar Ashuri

  • Aruzhan Otegenova Muratkyzy

  • Aidyn Armanuly Zhylgeldy

  • Murat Jakanov

  • Gulbanu Arynova

  • Alireza Afshar

  • July 2, 2026

  • 0 min

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Clinical Scorecard: Models of Care for Acute Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review of Hospital Networks, Multidisciplinary Approaches, and Bloodless Medicine Initiatives (2015–2025)

At a Glance

CategoryDetail
ConditionAcute Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Key MechanismsOrganizational models including hub and spoke networks, multidisciplinary teams, structured care bundles, and bloodless medicine initiatives.
Target PopulationAdults with acute gastrointestinal bleeding.
Care SettingHospital services for acute gastrointestinal emergencies.

Key Highlights

  • Evidence on organizational models for acute gastrointestinal bleeding is limited.
  • Multidisciplinary team programs may reduce mortality and rebleeding.
  • Bloodless medicine initiatives can achieve low mortality rates.
  • Network affiliation alone may not improve outcomes.
  • Quality of life reporting in studies is rare.

Guideline-Based Recommendations

Diagnosis

  • Use risk stratification scores such as the Glasgow-Blatchford Score.

Management

  • Implement early hemodynamic stabilization and restrictive transfusion strategies.
  • Perform endoscopy within 24 hours of presentation.

Monitoring & Follow-up

  • Monitor for rebleeding and complications post-intervention.

Risks

  • High case-fatality rates ranging from 3.5% to 14%.

Patient & Prescribing Data

Adults experiencing upper or lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Transfusion-free management can be effective, emphasizing hemostatic optimization.

Clinical Best Practices

  • Ensure efficient communication among emergency, gastroenterology, surgery, and anesthesia teams.
  • Adopt structured referral pathways in hub-and-spoke networks.

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