Impact of outdoor and nature-based interventions on self-efficacy among adolescents and young adults: a three-level meta-analysis - Scorecard - MDSpire

Impact of outdoor and nature-based interventions on self-efficacy among adolescents and young adults: a three-level meta-analysis

  • By

  • Qiang Zhang

  • Zhibo Tian

  • Hongliang Wang

  • Shiwei Chen

  • Xue Han

  • July 14, 2026

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Clinical Scorecard: Effects of Nature-Based and Outdoor Interventions on Self-Efficacy in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Meta-Analysis with Three Levels of Analysis

At a Glance

CategoryDetail
ConditionSelf-efficacy
Key MechanismsNature connectedness and mastery experiences
Target PopulationAdolescents and young adults aged 12–24 years
Care SettingOutdoor and nature-based interventions

Key Highlights

  • Significant positive effect of outdoor and nature-based interventions on self-efficacy (d = 0.80)
  • Involves 1,356 participants across six independent studies
  • No significant moderating effects of intervention duration or population type observed

Guideline-Based Recommendations

Diagnosis

    Management

      Monitoring & Follow-up

        Risks

          Patient & Prescribing Data

          Adolescents and young adults aged 12–24 years

          Outdoor and nature-based interventions may enhance self-efficacy

          Clinical Best Practices

          • Engage participants in structured experiences within outdoor or natural environments
          • Facilitate opportunities for mastery experiences and social interaction

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          Original Source(s)

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