Tumor-associated macrophages and lineage plasticity in prostate cancer: from established myeloid programs to emerging spatial hypotheses - Scorecard - MDSpire

Tumor-associated macrophages and lineage plasticity in prostate cancer: from established myeloid programs to emerging spatial hypotheses

  • By

  • Jia Li

  • Jinling Li

  • Yuechao Zhao

  • Yuanqi Yu

  • Xiaolu Cui

  • July 13, 2026

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Clinical Scorecard: Macrophages in Tumors and Lineage Flexibility in Prostate Cancer: Transitioning from Established Myeloid Pathways to New Spatial Theories

At a Glance

CategoryDetail
ConditionProstate Cancer
Key MechanismsTumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) influence tumor-cell state transitions and therapeutic resistance through various signaling pathways.
Target PopulationMen with advanced prostate cancer, particularly those exhibiting therapy-resistant disease states.
Care SettingOncology and research settings focusing on advanced prostate cancer treatment.

Key Highlights

  • Androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) have transformed advanced prostate cancer treatment but face resistance.
  • TAM heterogeneity is linked to lineage plasticity and therapy resistance in prostate cancer.
  • Emerging TAM states such as PLAC8+ TAMs may contribute to ARSI-induced remodeling.

Guideline-Based Recommendations

Diagnosis

  • Identify advanced prostate cancer and assess for therapy-resistant states such as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) and double-negative prostate cancer (DNPC).

Management

  • Consider TAM-directed therapies and validate findings through independent cohorts and functional perturbation.

Monitoring & Follow-up

  • Utilize spatial transcriptomic and proteomic technologies to map TAM states and their associations with tumor progression.

Risks

  • Therapy resistance and adverse clinical outcomes associated with specific TAM states.

Patient & Prescribing Data

Men with advanced prostate cancer experiencing resistance to conventional therapies.

TAMs play a critical role in mediating therapeutic resistance and may serve as targets for novel treatment strategies.

Clinical Best Practices

  • Differentiate between established and emerging TAM states in clinical assessments.
  • Employ single-cell and spatial technologies for a comprehensive understanding of TAM heterogeneity.

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