Multidisciplinary surgery for intravenous leiomyomatosis with inferior vena cava and/or intracardiac extension: a case series
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By
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Feifeng Lin
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Xia Liu
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Bingqing Huang
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Yunhong Lei
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Jianjie Huang
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Shuo Chen
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Qiuling Fan
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Zheng Chen
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Minghong Shen
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July 15, 2026
Clinical Scorecard: Surgical Management of Intravenous Leiomyomatosis with Extension into the Inferior Vena Cava and/or Heart: A Case Series Analysis
At a Glance
| Category | Detail |
|---|
| Condition | Intravenous Leiomyomatosis |
| Key Mechanisms | Benign leiomyoma growing along veins, often originating from pelvic veins and extending to inferior vena cava and heart. |
| Target Population | Patients with intravenous leiomyomatosis and inferior vena cava or intracardiac extension. |
| Care Setting | Multidisciplinary surgical management in a hospital setting. |
Key Highlights
- Median patient age was 46 years; all had a history of uterine fibroids.
- Common symptoms included pelvic/intracardiac masses (80%) and abdominal distension (20%).
- All patients underwent one-stage surgery with complete tumor removal.
- Postoperative complications included infections (60%) and incomplete intestinal obstruction (20%).
- No recurrence observed during a median follow-up of 30 months.
Guideline-Based Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Diagnosis confirmed through gynecological ultrasound, CT, or postoperative pathology.
Management
- Complete surgical resection is the best treatment choice.
Monitoring & Follow-up
- Postoperative follow-up for complications and recurrence.
Risks
- High risk of major bleeding during surgery.
Patient & Prescribing Data
Patients diagnosed with intravenous leiomyomatosis extending to the inferior vena cava and/or heart.
Multidisciplinary collaboration is crucial for surgical planning and management.
Clinical Best Practices
- Conduct detailed preoperative imaging evaluations.
- Engage multidisciplinary teams for assessment and surgical strategy.
- Utilize total midline laparotomy for surgical access.
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